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Heat pump technology used in Olympic venues to create a comfortable atmosphere
When thousands of viewers need a more refreshing venue watching the game! When athletes from all over the world need to be more suitable to create a good stadium temperature; when the "green" that represents environmental protection and energy saving has become a requirement of the Olympic Games! 2008 Olympic Games venues need what kind of "breathing" system? Number of "romantic", but also look at the Olympic Games project. It is reported that in all the projects in the 2008 Olympic Games, there are 61 advanced air handling technologies are used in exhaust systems and air conditioning systems. These advanced technologies include heat recovery air conditioning, natural ventilation, energy-saving indoor air treatment and purification. The application of these new technologies will create good thermal comfort and wind comfort for spectators and athletes in the arena. In some venues, not only the audience area and the competition zone temperature can be controlled separately, and even the auditorium can also control the temperature zone. At the same time, the application of new technology does not mean that there will be higher energy consumption. The Olympic project is also actively responding to the call of the "Green Olympics" and putting environmental protection and energy saving as a top priority. For example, some new venues, the building structure is fully utilized, through clever design, to achieve low-power or even zero energy consumption of natural ventilation. Let the audience always enjoy the fresh air, at the same time to ensure that the appropriate cold, and more technology is waiting for us to find out. The National Stadium In order to create a good thermal comfort and wind comfort for the audience in the National Stadium ("Bird's Nest"). The designers performed hydrodynamic simulations on the thermal comfort and wind comfort of the auditorium. The designers accurately simulated the steel structure and membrane structure of the Bird's Nest as well as the natural ventilation of the Bird's Nest when watching the 91,000 people at the same time and calculated the temperature and air velocity perceptible to the audience in each area. All the "Bird's Nest" ventilation facilities are adjusted and optimized according to the simulation analysis design. Whether the audience sitting in the upper stands or lower stands, ordinary seats or VIP seats, can enjoy the natural light and natural wind, to achieve better comfort. In addition, "Bird's Nest" in the football field area of ​​about 8000 square meters, for ground source heat pump system provides adequate buried pipe space. Ground source heat pump is a use of renewable energy, energy saving, environmental protection system, through the heat pipe buried in the winter to absorb heat contained in the soil for the "Bird's Nest" heating; summer to absorb the cold storage of soil to the "Bird's Nest "Cooling. Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium after the transformation, an increase of electric control of the lighting windows and ventilation windows. They not only ensure that the stadium lighting, but also to keep the museum air fresh. Natural lighting and ventilation also serve the audience while saving energy and adding to the modernity. National Aquatics Center designed a large air space for air conditioning, swimming pool and paddling pool for the National Aquatics Center ("Water Cube"), scientifically arranged air supply, return air and exhaust vents to ensure the exchange of air in the upper space Gas frequency. "Water Cube" design also set the natural exhaust fan on the roof, eight natural vents can be achieved inside and outside the air circulation, so that will be able to heat the space in the building out, to achieve natural ventilation. Due to long-term swimming pool in high temperature, high humidity environment, anti-condensation has been a major issue indoor swimming pool design. "Water Cube" membrane structure using ETFE membrane. Through the design, the heat transfer coefficient of the ETFE building envelope is far less than the heat transfer coefficient of the advanced glass curtain wall, which not only meets the requirements of the state on energy efficiency of public buildings, but also provides conditions for swimming pool anti-condensation. In order to ensure that no condensation, "Water Cube" is still close to the bottom of the roof is equipped with anti-condensation heating air supply system. For the facade cladding, also arranged anti-condensation ventilation and air conditioning ventilation system, but also designed a simple and practical means such as pool cover to ensure that no condensation phenomenon. "Water Cube" film also has the temperature control of the secret, the film coated with different sizes of fingernails cover the coating size, coating material is a high temperature ink, used to control the transmittance of the film, at the same time Also play a role in scattering sunlight. They can avoid the high temperature of the venue and add the beauty of the outer membrane. $$ Div $$ Yingdong Swimming Pool Olympic Sports Center Yingdong Swimming Pool After the expansion, the ingeniously designed two sets of independent running air-conditioning system inside the stadium, which realized the double circulation between audience and match pool. During the competition, two sets of air-conditioning systems were locked at different temperatures, so that the audience and athletes feel the same comfort. The first row of stands in the auditorium was transformed into a horizontal air curtain system to prevent the warm air from rising in the lower part of the hall. Pool overflow tank has also been modified, by combining the return air groove and overflow tank, you can let the return air flow to suppress part of the water surface moisture flow rise. To play a dehumidification and anti-condensation effect. The hall skylight also uses a sunshine plate with insulation sandwich, set the drainage groove to prevent condensation due to large indoor and outdoor temperature dew. The insulation performance of the metal roofing boards in the pavilion is also improved, reducing the heat transfer coefficient of the roofing system, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of condensation. Beijing University of Technology Gymnasium Beijing University of Technology Gymnasium is the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games badminton competition venues. Badminton competition on the wind demanding, and the size of the stadium venues often depends on the indoor air conditioning system design. Badminton flights will not be disturbed until the wind approaches nearly static speed. Beijing University of Technology Gymnasium specially designed for this purpose, air supply equipment, air conditioning, air conditioning, "zero", by increasing the air supply area to reduce the wind speed, in order to avoid the impact of air-conditioned wind on the competition. The recipe for "tidy up to zero" is that the air outlets are all designed below and on the sides of the stands, each 13 cm in diameter and totaling more than 9,100. Compared with ordinary badminton hall, this design is used, the venue is almost no wind, athletes and spectators can enjoy the comfort of the game. Olympic Tennis Center Olympic tennis center looks like a lotus in full bloom, the auditorium is located in 12 huge "petals." The game's natural ventilation secrets are hidden in these petals. The gap between the 12 "petals" not only enriches the visual experience but also provides ventilation. The use of such a natural wind venue ventilation, can reduce the site temperature of about 5 degrees Celsius, cleverly solved the problem of high temperature stadium. In addition, the stadium's exterior walls are designed to absorb the natural wind equipment, but also can effectively reduce the temperature of the stadium. Beijing Shooting Range Beijing Shooting Range Qualification Hall Auditorium three glass windows with an ecologic breathing wall. This looks like a double-glazed wall that is self-ventilating and heat-preserving. China Agricultural University Gymnasium China Agricultural University Gymnasium is the Olympic wrestling hall. Its patchwork roof is designed for natural ventilation and daylighting. On the roof of more than a thousand square meters of ventilation skylights and skylights. As the bellows-like exterior wall is actually the use of "gated frame" lighting principle, in accordance with the laws of the sun, the stadium at the top of more than 400 scattered glass windows at any time during the day and daylight through the structured windows Welcome to the museum. This is the designer's favorite, so that daytime lighting in the venue close to "zero energy consumption." It is reported that this natural lighting ventilation system can save a lot of money for the operation of the stadium after the game. If there is no competition requirement, the basic training and physical education classes do not have to turn on the lights, while the upper windows open to form a natural wind, just the electricity savings in the million per day or more. Olympic Village Athlete Service Center In order to achieve "micro-energy consumption," the Olympic Village Athlete Service Center embodies seven principles in its design: passive energy-saving technologies give priority to renewable energy, renewable energy, energy recovery of systems and equipment, Cross-season cold storage and night storage organic combination to ensure energy complementarity, to provide a healthy and comfortable indoor and outdoor environment. The Olympic Village will also adopt a green air conditioning system, that is, a regenerative water source heat pump system to avoid the "heat island effect." The Olympic Village will use the secondary effluent (reclaimed water) from Qinghe Sewage Treatment Plant to construct a "reclaimed water source heat pump system" to extract the temperature of reclaimed water and provide winter heating and summer cooling for the Olympic Village. The use of reclaimed water as a heat pump for heat exchange between the energy exchange, without cooling towers or split outdoor air conditioners, no noise, flue gas emissions in the summer will be able to improve the thermal environment of large buildings can completely eliminate the "heat island Effect "to create a green community environment. It is reported that Beijing's residential building energy efficiency design standards for the heating index of 32 watts per square meter, while the Olympic Village athlete service center heating index is only 8 watts per square meter, the use of renewable energy contribution rate of 65.7%, and conventional Compared to the building to achieve energy saving 83%.