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High-end products for machine tool parts rely on imported enterprises to build a whole machine
“The earthquake in Japan has little impact on the domestic machine tool industry as a whole. It’s just that I heard from the Beijing FANUC Beijing company that some component factories in the functional accessories are affected by the Fukushima area.†Liu Yuling, chief engineer of Beijing No.1 Machine Tool Plant I told the First Financial Daily yesterday. A month ago, Lu Changrong, general manager of Nanjing CNC machine tools, said that in March, the company could rely on inventory to ensure production. In April, the Japanese side had clearly stated that it could not supply. Although the Chinese machine tool industry has made great progress in recent years, most of the core components of high-end CNC machine tools rely on Japanese imports. High-end technology is controlled by foreign countries Nanjing CNC Machine Tool Co., Ltd. is known as one of the famous "18 Arhats" manufacturers in the machine tool industry, but high-end machine tool parts mainly rely on imports. The same is true for Beijing No. 1 Machine Tool Plant. Liu Yuling told this newspaper that the company imports about 230 sets of small and medium-sized CNC systems from Japan FANUC each year. The large-scale machines import 50~60 sets of Siemens from Germany every year. "At present, domestic high-end CNC systems and functional components mainly rely on imports." Wang Liming, executive vice president of China Machine Tool Industry Association, told this newspaper that the domestic high-end system self-sufficiency rate is less than 5%, about 95% dependent on imports, of which, from Japan Imports account for the most, accounting for about 1/3, and domestically produced high-end CNC systems add up to less than 20%. In the international market, the medium and high-end CNC systems are mainly monopolized by a small number of enterprises represented by Japan FANUC Corporation and Siemens AG of Germany, of which Fanuc is about half. In the domestic market, there are more than 20 major-scale production enterprises, represented by Huazhong CNC ( 30.220 , 0.00 , 0.00% ) , Guangzhou NC, Dalian Dasen, Beijing Kai Endi , Nanjing Huaxing and other five companies. At present, China's domestic machine tools only have a numerical control rate of 30%, which is far from the level of 60%~70% in developed countries. The numerical control rate of stock machine tools is only about 10%. "Behind the overall high-speed growth of the industry, China's machine tool industry still has hidden concerns." Tian Lei investment analyst Zhang Lei believes that from the perspective of product structure, the growth of the machine tool industry is mainly driven by low-end ordinary machine tools, high-end machine tools The proportion is decreasing and the heavy machine tool market is slowing down. Therefore, the current development path of the industry is not healthy. From the perspective of industrial structure, the “short board†of numerical control systems and functional components has become increasingly prominent. The high profitability of high-end CNC machine tools is low. One of the main reasons is that CNC systems and functional components rely on imports. In the market, the more high-end products are more constrained, the delivery time and service can not meet the requirements, and the structural contradictions are very prominent. . In addition, although the export of China's machine tool products increased by 36.49% in 2010, most of the exported products are low value-added products such as ordinary machine tools and economical CNC machine tools. The difficulty of localization of high-end components and the lack of high-end CNC systems and functional components has become the biggest constraint for the development of high-end CNC machine tools in China. During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period, one of the main goals of the machine tool industry was to promote the industrialization of CNC systems and functional components. However, the industrialization of CNC systems and functional components in China is very difficult. “There are a lot of domestic OEMs, but the production of key functional components is weak. In the industry, a group of people can be pulled casually. Within three months, the OEM can be set up, but even if they invest 2 billion, these people will be within 3 months. Can not do a functional parts factory." Wang Liming said. An important issue is that the combination of production, education and research in China is difficult. Most universities and research institutes are investing in project funds. Once the funds are short, it is difficult to have a process and lack of sustainability, while foreign companies such as Japan are basically The research direction and continuous goals, the cooperation between industry, academia and research is good, and the comprehensive advantages of industrialization can be reflected. Wang Liming also said that there is a common consensus in the domestic machine tool industry that the production of accessory products is not valued by enterprises and the government, so investors gather together to produce the whole machine. According to reports, the country currently has some investment in this area, but the effectiveness of research and development and output is a long process, and the social capital investment is relatively small, coupled with the lack of talents and technology, leading to weak industrial scale and basic research. There is a big gap with foreign countries in development, basic research, and equipment manufacturing. "The process of industrialization requires a long-term process. Machine tools are not an industry that is quick and profitable. We must not forget the basic skills and basic principles." Liu Yuling said. Beijing No. 1 Machine Tool Plant lacks balanced development as the entire industry. The shortcomings are mainly in product development, market sales and product manufacturing. Liu Yuling believes that the company's talent structure is still unreasonable, the lack of senior technicians and excellent sales talents, and the gradual rejuvenation of employees, but this is not necessarily an advantage in the machine tool industry. It is more reasonable to reach the age structure of 30-40 years old.