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How to choose the right type of plastic additives
The addition of additives can promote plastics to improve the processing, physical, chemical and other functions of the substrate and increase the physical and chemical properties of the substrate. The choice of the type of additive is determined by factors such as the type of plastic and the degree of aging.
In the processing of polyolefin new materials, only a small amount of additives, such as antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, etc., are generally added. When the waste is recycled, it is generally only necessary to add a small amount of coloring agent, so the formulation is not difficult to determine. Unless such plastics are severely aged, hard and brittle, the composition of the ingredients needs to be determined on a case-by-case basis.
The composition of PVC plastics is relatively complicated, especially soft PVC, which contains many kinds of additives, such as plasticizers, stabilizers, UV absorbers, lubricants and pigments. Among them, plasticizers are the main ones. , the most used. The products are affected by climatic conditions such as light and heat during use. The plasticizer gradually oozes out, and the product hardens, especially its physical properties are greatly reduced, gradually aging, and can not meet the requirements of use and become waste. The use of such waste products for regeneration must be supplemented with a sufficient amount of plasticizers and other additives to maximize the recovery of mechanical properties. Therefore, it is important to determine the formulation reasonably.
The amount of plasticizer added is mainly determined by the hardness required for the recycled polyvinyl chloride product. For this reason, the ratio of hard to soft in the recycled polyvinyl chloride waste product should be considered. The amount of plasticizer in soft products such as polyvinyl chloride film, artificial leather and wallpaper is very different from that in rigid pipes and profiles. Therefore, as long as the hard and soft materials are mixed with each other, the adjustment is made. By blending the two, a reconstituted product having a desired hardness can be obtained, and the amount of the plasticizer can be reduced without even using a plasticizer.
The general principle of selecting additives in the batching process is to ensure that the recycled products have certain performance, meet the requirements of use, and are not too expensive. Generally consider the following points:
(1) Since the price of waste plastics and recycled products is low, the price of the additives used is also cheap.
(2) Just because waste plastics are often a mixture of various color wastes, dark colorants are generally added during reprocessing, so the appearance and color of the selected additives are not high.
(3) The additive should meet the certain performance requirements of the recycled product.