No.2 Geomet Wire Tightener,Aircraft Expansion Anchor Bolt,Expansion Screw Anchor,Threaded Concrete Anchor CANGZHOU LINGANG YUANFENG IMPORT & EXPORT TRADING CO.,LTD , https://www.clyfhardware.com
In 1810, the Swedish JJ Berzelius obtained a metal when heating quartz sand, charcoal and iron, and was named as silicon according to the Latin silex. At that time, the actual ferrosilicon was obtained. In 1824, silicon was separated and designated as an element. By 1854, French Deville (SC Deville) made crystalline silicon with mixed chloride molten salt electrolysis; later, pure silicon with a purity of more than 99% was obtained; and later, DuPont used zinc to reduce silicon tetrachloride to obtain a purity of over 99.97. % of acicular silicon.
â– The nature of silicon
Silicon has semiconductor properties with a bandgap width (330K) of 1.107 eV, an intrinsic resistivity (300K) of 2.3 x 105 ohm.cm, and an electron mobility (20°C) of 1350 cm/(Vs.sec), empty. The hole mobility (20° C.) is 480 cm 2 /(volt·sec), the electron diffusion coefficient (300 K) is 3406 cm 2 /sec, and the hole diffusion coefficient (300 K) is 12.3 cm 2 /sec.
â– Silicon Resources
The abundance of silicon in the earth's crust reaches 25.8%, and it combines with oxygen in the nature to form silicon dioxide, which combines with the metal to form a metal silicate. The purest silicon minerals are quartz and silica.
â– Preparation of silicon
Silicon is produced by reducing silica (SiO2 content >99%) in an electric arc furnace. The reducing agents used are petroleum coke and charcoal. When DC arc furnaces are used, petroleum coke can be used instead of charcoal. The petroleum coke has a low ash content and uses high-quality silica, such as Chinese silica, to directly produce high-quality silicon for the production of silicon steel sheets.
â– Use of silicon
Ferrosilicon is widely used as an alloy additive in the iron and steel industry and is used as a reducing agent in various metal smelting. Adding a small amount of metallurgical grade silicon with a purity of 98% when smelting aluminum alloy can greatly improve the performance of the aluminum alloy. The production of metallurgical grade silicon is mainly related to the steel and aluminum industries. In addition, the purity of 98-99% of metal silicon can be used to produce intermediate products such as trichlorosilane, formulated hundreds of silicone lubricants and waterproof compounds. Metal silicon is also a raw material for ultra-pure silicon in the electronics industry. Although the amount of monocrystalline silicon is only 1% of the total silicon consumption, it occupies an extremely important position. The most important use is for the production of large-scale integrated circuits and power devices. The quality of monocrystalline silicon is increasing day by day, the diameter is increasing, the cost is continuously reduced, and the production of semiconductor silicon has become an important new emerging industry. In 1980, the world's polycrystalline production capacity was 2,695 tons, of which 2,110 tons were used for the production of integrated circuits and 247 tons for power components.
The use and nature of silicon
â– Discover the history