Nitrogen deficiency: The plants are short, the stems are short and slender, the leaves are scarce, the leaves are yellow, the tillers are few and not the ears, and the main stems are short.
Phosphorus deficiency: Delayed or no long-term rooting after emergence, plants are short and growth is slow. The leaves are dark green, the leaves are purple-red, the leaves are purple, and there is no tillering or less tillering. The earing is delayed and the ear is small.
Potassium deficiency: The new leaves are blue-green, the leaves are soft and curly, and the old leaves gradually turn brown from yellow to death, which is burnt. The stems are short and thin, easy to fall, irregular tillers, less spikes, and less full of kernels.
Molybdenum deficiency: first occurs in the front of the leaves fades and fades, then along the veins parallel to the appearance of fine yellow-white spots, and gradually form a sheet, and finally the front of the leaves dry, severe whole leaves dry.
Manganese deficiency: The symptoms of manganese deficiency in wheat are similar to those of molybdenum deficiency. The difference is that in the absence of manganese, the lesion occurs in the middle of the leaf. After the diseased leaf is dry, the leaf is curled or broken, and the anterior part of the leaf is basically completed.
Boron deficiency: The tiller is not normal, sometimes it does not produce spikes or only flowers are not strong.
The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements necessary for wheat growth and development are relatively high in wheat and require a large amount, which plays an important role in wheat growth and development. The normal growth of wheat also requires medium and trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, sulfur, boron and manganese. When the soil supply is insufficient, the application of the corresponding fertilizer is effective. For example, the sulfur-containing soil can increase the quality of the flour. When the soil is deficient in boron, the development of male organs in wheat is blocked, and it is not strong. normal. Total fertilization of wheat:
(1) Organic fertilizer. In the medium and low-yield areas where the wheat yield is lower than 350kg/mu, the high-quality farmyard manure is applied at 2000kg/mu, and the straw directly returns to the field at 200kg/mu. The high-yield area with wheat yield level higher than 350kg/mu is applied with 3000kg/mu of high-quality farmyard manure and 300kg/mu of straw directly returned to the field.
(2) Fertilizer. On the basis of the application of organic fertilizer, according to the target yield, the recommended dosage of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in wheat balanced fertilization is determined accordingly, as shown in Table 1 below.
(3) Trace elements. Trace elements should be used in a targeted manner based on the contents of boron, zinc, manganese, etc. and the symptoms of wheat deficiency. The recommended dosages of trace elements in wheat balanced fertilization are shown in Table 2 below.
(4) Top dressing. From the heading to the filling stage of wheat, spraying the leaf surface with 0.4%-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution can increase the grain weight, promote maturity and improve the ability to resist dry hot air.
In areas where soil total nitrogen is 0.12%, alkali nitrogen is 90-100 mg/kg, available phosphorus is 15 mg/kg, quick-acting potassium is 100 mg/kg or more, and organic fertilizer is applied more, the amount of chemical fertilizer is reduced according to the target yield. If there is lime reaction in the soil, about 1kg of zinc sulfate and manganese sulfate should be applied separately. When the wheat is heading to the filling stage, the leaf surface is sprayed with 0.4%-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution. In general, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are generally used as base fertilizers. In the low-yield phosphorus-deficient plot with quick-acting phosphorus content less than 5mg/kg, 20% of the total amount of phosphate fertilizer is used as seed fertilizer and 80% is used as base fertilizer. On the sandy soil, 50% of the total amount of potassium fertilizer is used as the base fertilizer, and the rest is combined with the nitrogen fertilizer to apply the top dressing. Nitrogen fertilizer is used in high-yield land, 60% of the total amount is used as base fertilizer, 40% is used as top dressing; medium and low-yield land is 50% of total fertilizer, 10% is used as seed fertilizer, and 40% is used for topdressing.
Wheat deficiency symptoms and fertilizer suitable dosage
The symptoms of wheat deficiency are:
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