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Since the global economic crisis in 2008, the emerging industries represented by the Internet of Things have once again become the focus of attention of countries in the post-crisis era. The technological innovation brought about by the development of the Internet of Things has become the strategic commanding height of industrial development and national competition. In recent years, China has increased its emphasis on the Internet of Things and other emerging industries and its development from national leaders to relevant ministries and agencies and corporate institutions. The country’s emphasis on the Internet of Things will certainly lead to the flourishing development of new technologies and industries.
Car networking is one of the most promising applications for the Internet of Things. Due to its economies of scale and leading role in the industry, car networking is becoming the first choice for Internet of Things demonstration applications. Car networking applications can effectively alleviate urban traffic congestion, reduce vehicle exhaust pollution, reduce vehicle safety hazards, optimize car owners' driving routes, shorten travel time, and make trips more predictable. In China, the series of problems brought about by the rapid growth of motor vehicles urgently require the rapid development of car networking. At the same time, the social and economic benefits brought by the Internet of Vehicles will play an important role in the process of China's economic transformation and the cultivation of new industries. It is an important direction for the future development of China's Internet of Things.
China's car network has just started, and its development will be strung together with a long industrial chain, covering a number of industrial roles such as vehicle equipment manufacturers, telecommunications operators, business application providers. All parties in the industry chain have been working closely together and they have also started fierce competition, all of which are trying to seize the dominant power of China’s car networking applications. How to allocate resources and create complementary advantages is an important issue in ensuring the steady and orderly development of China's car networking applications. This article will focus on the concept of the car network, explain its development prospects, analyze the role of the car involved in the application of car networking and the current industry structure of China's car networking applications.
2 The development prospect of car networking is generally optimistic
Car networking is a specific application of the Internet of Things in the automotive field. It uses sensor devices and short-range communication modules mounted on vehicles to collect property information and static and dynamic information of cars and people, cars and cars, cars and roads, and uses them. Mobile communication networks, satellite communication networks, and navigation and intelligent information processing technologies and service platforms provide automotive users with richer services and services, as well as effective vehicle supervision and scheduling to achieve more efficient, safe, and comfortable vehicles. Management and user experience. Car networking uses “cars†as nodes and information sources to connect acquired information to business application platforms through wireless communication and other technologies to manage, analyze and dig deeper and provide integrated services including traffic management, user safety, and entertainment. Information system. Its core is information acquisition and feedback control, so as to realize the interconnection of "people-vehicle-road-environment". In summary, the key elements of the application of Vehicular Telematics include: service/content providers, business and information platforms, wireless communication technologies and networks, and vehicle and on-board modules.
As the preferred application of the Internet of Things, car networking has been popular since its inception. In China, the networking of cars has also attracted widespread attention from all walks of life. The state has clearly defined relevant policies to vigorously support the development of the Internet of Vehicles, and has spent huge amounts of money to invest in relevant research work on the Internet of Vehicles. The national “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†has made the Internet of Vehicles one of the ten key deployment areas of the Internet of Things. The car networking related projects have also been listed as an important project of China's major special projects, and the first phase of funding is expected to reach 10 billion. It is expected that the scale of controllable vehicles will reach 200 million by 2020. At the same time, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will also proceed from various aspects such as industrial planning and technical standards, increase support for on-board information services, and fully promote the comprehensive development of the networking industry.
As one of the "hands-on" business of the Internet of Things, all parties in the industry are actively promoting the comprehensive development of the application of the Internet of Things. The three major domestic telecom operators and major auto manufacturers are actively participating in and promoting the development of car networking applications, and provide strong technical and industrial support for the application of car networking. It has the basic conditions for the rapid development and commercial use of car networking applications.
The potential market for car-connected users is huge and the market size is promising. In 2010, China's annual production and sales of automobiles both exceeded 18 million, ranking the world’s largest automotive producer and the largest new car sales market. National Bureau of Statistics data show that at the end of 2010, the country’s total civilian vehicle ownership reached 90.86 million vehicles, an increase of 19.3% over the end of the previous year. Among them, the number of private cars was 65.39 million, an increase of 25.3%, and the number of civilian cars was 40.29 million, an increase of 28.4%. These figures show that the car networking application target customer group is huge, the growth rate is fast, and there is a very considerable potential market space. At the same time, CCID Consulting's research data shows that the scale of China's automotive electronics market is expected to reach 240 billion yuan in 2011, and car networking equipment is one of its important development directions.
3 Vehicle Connectivity Industry Diversified
At present, the government and relevant authorities (such as the transportation department, the national informationization department, etc.) mainly guide, support, and coordinate the development of China's car networking applications at the macro-industry level. In addition to state leaders' explicit instructions on the development of the Internet of Things on several occasions in public, the government has introduced a number of related policies to provide a good environment for the development of IoT applications and to raise the development of the Internet of Things to the height of national strategies. These have led the development direction of the car network directly or indirectly.
Specifically, the government mainly guides and supports the development of the Internet of Vehicles from the following three aspects: First, it improves the planning of the vehicle networking industry, determines its overall development ideas, and constructs an overall framework for the participation of all parties involved in the development of the Internet of Vehicles. Zhang Kexun; Second, support the car networking industry in finance, credit, and other aspects, and vigorously cultivate the market's demand for car networking applications. Third, develop and improve the relevant regulations and standards system of car networking as soon as possible, so that car networking becomes an open , secure, and trusted collaboration platform.
The core of the specific application of car networking is the provider of car information service platform. All parties in the industry chain, including automobile manufacturers and telecom operators, are striving to dominate the application of car networking, which is to become a provider of vehicle information service platform. In general, in addition to the guidance of the government's competent departments in the application of car networking, there are three main forces in the main link in the industry chain.
3.1 Automobile Manufacturers as Leading Forces
This situation is divided into the following two modes: one mode is the establishment of an automotive information service platform provider by a car manufacturer, and the other is a joint venture between a car manufacturer and a telecom operator to establish an automotive information service platform provider such as Mercedes-Benz and Germany. Telecommunication cooperation projects. Among them, the joint venture model is a powerful combination of automobile manufacturers and telecom operators in the vehicle manufacturing, customer management, network operations and other advantages. However, due to the fact that the joint venture model is mostly concentrated in the front loading market, the branding of auto manufacturers is deeper, so it is actually dominated by car manufacturers.
In foreign markets, an industry pattern dominated by automakers has taken shape, and the number of car networking business users has begun to take shape. Foreign automakers, such as General Motors, Ford, Toyota, BMW and Mercedes-Benz, have gradually expanded their sales of automotive consumer electronics products into entertainment, navigation and access platforms for satellite, wireless communication, and on-vehicle information services. , driver service business car networking application provider. At this time, the role of automakers is similar to that of Apple, and the launch and implementation of the telematics business must go through the telematics service platform provided by automakers. This is very similar to the vertical relationship between Apple terminals, application stores, and application developers.
3.2 Telecom operators as dominant forces
In this case, operators directly play the role of provider of in-vehicle information service platform, such as SK Telecom in Korea. This model is not affected by the brand of the car. The on-board information service terminal can be detached and can be used in the aftermarket. The disadvantage is that many in-vehicle information service terminals cannot be connected to the automotive electronic system and their functions are limited.
3.3 Third-party independent operation
In the case of industry-oriented applications, the industry's competent authorities can lead and coordinate and balance the various resources owned by operators and car manufacturers, and rely on third parties to provide on-board information service platforms. When facing the majority of public car users, there may be a third-party company leading the use of the resources of telecommunications operators and car manufacturers to independently play the role of provider of car information service platform. In this case, telecom operators mainly act as conduits. Due to the lack of support from two major industry players, car manufacturers and telecom operators, this model is relatively rare. Unless third-party telematics service providers can "kidnap" operators to Tencent, who can develop large-scale loyal users, its development path is hard to see.
4 China's car networking industry leading forces game
The nature of the car networking industry determines that car manufacturers and telecom operators are the biggest driving force of the entire industry. Since 2009, Chinese auto makers and telecom operators have been extremely active in the field of car networking. The competition between them has become increasingly intense, and both are trying to occupy the dominant position in the application of car networking. In general, both sides have their own characteristics and advantages, and cooperation and competition coexist. At the same time, the role of the traffic control department cannot be ignored.
4.1 Traffic Control Department: Occupying a dominant position in the development of industrial applications
Macroscopically, the traffic control department controls the development trend of China's car networking applications, allocates resources for all parties involved in the construction of car networking, organizes research and promulgates corresponding policies and regulations and standards to ensure the steady and orderly development of China's car networking industry in the overall situation. In detail, the traffic control department holds first-hand data information related to vehicles, owners, road conditions, etc., and can provide vehicle-mounted information service platforms with data analysis to realize functions such as traffic management, entertainment services, and safe driving.
4.2 Automobile Manufacturers: Occupying a Leading Position in the Integration of Car Connectivity Applications and Vehicles
China's auto manufacturers, such as Shanghai General Motors, Shanghai FAW, Chang'an, and Geely, are actively collaborating with operators to deploy relevant applications for the Internet of Vehicles. The advantage of automobile manufacturers lies in mastering the vehicle's own information collection and vehicle terminal resources. Some multinational companies, such as Toyota, Mercedes-Benz and other companies have directly transplanted the successful experience of foreign automakers, joint telecom operators to carry out car networking applications, so some auto manufacturers dominate the cooperation with operators.
4.3 Telecom Operators: Grasp the advantages of network and service operations, and provide service-oriented user services with advantages
In the field of internet of things in our country, the "government set up and operators to sing opera" is the current dominant development model. Telecom operators are undoubtedly the dominant players. Car networking is a specific application of the Internet of Things, and the first condition for an automobile to have information service capability is to use the communication channel of the telecommunication operator, so the operator will not easily give up its dominance. The number of telecom operators in China is far less than the number of Chinese automakers, so the competition between the three major operators to chase the major automakers broke out in 2010, especially the competition between China Telecom and China Unicom.
(1) China Telecom
In March 2009, Toyota took the lead in introducing the GBook to China, adopting China Telecom's CDMA network, and assembling it into the Lexus full range, Camry and Crown. Toyota outsourced its services to Beijing 95190, making it the second largest vehicle-mounted front-loading TSP in China. Following Toyota, Shanghai Tong used to provide OnStar services to Cadillac owners in December 2009 and quickly covered the Buick and Chevrolet brands. Shanghai GM's self-built Telematics Service Provider (TSP) and Call Center have become the largest in-vehicle pre-installation TSP in China.
Since both GBook and OnStar use CDMA-based hardware communication modules in their home markets, they continue to use the CDMA communication network after entering the Chinese market, which makes China Telecom have a first-mover advantage in the car networking application market and occupies the front loading market. A large share.
(2) China Unicom
China Unicom is preparing to apply 3G technology to the field of car networking and make the car a new 3G terminal. The goal is to reach around 30 million vehicles by the year 2015, with the overall scale of China Unicom's smart cars. At present, China Unicom is working with auto manufacturers, IT vendors, and telematics service providers to jointly explore the market. In the automotive aftermarket, China Unicom and car communication systems and service providers car audio network, Cascade and other cooperation. Car Voice Network and China Unicom jointly launched the Smart Assisted Driving System Cae-VP and sold it through car repair chain stores. In the automobile pre-installation market, China Unicom has signed all-round strategic cooperation agreements with FAW, BYD, Changan, Geely, Mercedes-Benz and other seven units, and will jointly launch new vehicles with in-vehicle communication systems. The output of these seven manufacturers accounted for 71% of the total automobile production in China, and the potential customer base is huge. In the first half of 2010, SAIC and China Unicom launched the first pre-installed Telematics service based on 3G network, Inkanet, which is currently installed on the Roewe 350 and can achieve information retrieval, stock trading, real-time traffic navigation, and community exchange. . At the same time, China Unicom has also made every effort to promote the standardization of the technology related to the networking of cars to better enter the market of car networking.
(3) China Mobile
In October 2006, China Mobile’s commercial trial service started the development of China Mobile in the field of car networking. In March 2009, China Mobile built its location service base in Liaoning Mobile, and currently has exceeded 150,000 users. In June 2011, China Mobile and Nokia Siemens Networks Co., Ltd. and Yutong Bus jointly announced the “Anjietong†intelligent operation system for Yutong Bus Interconnected Products. Among them, China Mobile provides network, platform storage and other related follow-up services for Anjietong. This shows that China Mobile is advancing into the commercial vehicle networking market. Subsequently, China Mobile and China FAW signed a strategic cooperation agreement, which will jointly build China's automotive networking products and service base and wireless digital urban product and service base.
China's telecom operators have rich experience in service platform construction, management, and operation, as well as rich service provider (SP) management experience. It can provide a good technology, management and operation platform for the deployment and popularization of car networking applications. In the case of small-scale domestic auto brands, weak development platform and service capacity, telecom operators are likely to become the unified service platform providers for China's telematics applications.
5 Conclusion
The development prospects of this new industry of the Internet of Cars are certainly desirable. It will completely subvert the concept of traditional cars and transportation, and change people's travel modes and habits. However, the rapid and normal development of China's automobile networking industry needs the cooperation of many forces, and it needs the cooperation of all industries. It needs the attention of the government and gives support and guidance in the policy. It needs the long-term vision and open mind of the automobile manufacturers to do a good job in product development. And market planning; requires the participation of telecom operators and other information technology service companies to establish a solid information infrastructure and prepare for the collection, transmission, and processing of information. We must plan and rationally allocate the resources we already have and fully promote the development of the Internet of Vehicles industry in China.
Car networking is dominant in industrial applications
1 Introduction