CMIC: China's existing PV sector policy needs to be improved

CMIC (China Market Intelligence Center) released: As a photovoltaic manufacturing country, China's PV application market has not yet fully opened. The high price difference between photovoltaic power generation and conventional power generation limits its growth in the Chinese market. Over the years, China's PV market has concentrated more on off-grid rural electrification projects, which has only achieved a small installation. As of the end of 2008, China's cumulative PV installed capacity was only 145MW. In the past two years, with the rapid decline in the cost of photovoltaic power generation, China's domestic PV market policy has also made some important progress. In March 2009, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development launched a national PV subsidy program to promote BIPV and photovoltaic roof applications, which is seen as a turning point in the Chinese PV market. In July 2009, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Science and Technology and the National Energy Administration released the second national PV subsidy program, the “Golden Sun Demonstration Project”. The 201MW project was approved in the same year (54MW that was not implemented after winning the bid was cancelled in 2010). At the end of 2009, the National Energy Administration held a concession bidding for the 10MW grid-connected photovoltaic power generation project in Dunhuang, Gansu. The consortium formed by China Guangdong Nuclear Power Development Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Best Solar Technology Co., Ltd. and Belgian Enfinity Company was 1.0928 yuan/kWh. The price of the bid was successful. Beginning in 2010, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, and the National Energy Administration jointly issued a document to significantly adjust the relevant policies of the “Golden Sun Demonstration Project and Solar Photovoltaic Building Application Demonstration Project”, involving equipment bidding, project adjustment, Subsidy standards, project integration, and other key links. In 2010, a new 272MW project was added. In addition, it announced the establishment of 13 photovoltaic power generation centralized application demonstration parks throughout the country, as a basis for promoting the application of China's photovoltaic industry. And publicly stated that the domestic application scale should not be less than 1000MW per year after 2012. In August 2010, the National Energy Administration held a 238MW grid-connected photovoltaic power generation project concession bidding, and the final bid price was between 0.7288 yuan / kWh to 0.9907 yuan / kWh, far below industry expectations. The Chinese government's series of PV incentive policies have promoted the rapid growth of China's PV market. In 2009, China's annual PV installed capacity reached 160MW, exceeding the cumulative total installed by the end of 2008. In 2010, the actual installed capacity exceeded 500MW. The growth rate of China's PV market in recent years is impressive, but China's PV installed capacity is still quite small from a global perspective. In 2009, China's PV installations accounted for about 2% of the total installed capacity in the world. 1 percentage point, up to 3%. All of these government policy incentives are regarded by the industry as a tentative attempt by the Chinese government for photovoltaic applications, which has had a significant impact on the Chinese PV market. However, in China, the government still believes that the rapidly growing PV market is in a pilot phase, and the purpose of the project is still for demonstration. In fact, during the implementation of the project, there were indeed some problems that surfaced, indicating that the project is inherently inadequate and lacking coordination. The industry and application are out of touch, which is partly contrary to the original intention of developing the PV market. For example, due to lower subsidy levels and project yields, system operators often find it difficult to maintain engineering projects. As a result, the project did not receive sufficient financial support, sometimes even unsustainable. In order to ensure that the project won the bid, many companies submitted bids regardless of the economics of the project, resulting in unprofitable FIT prices for the project operators. These FIT prices that did not match the cost structure had a negative impact on the market. Some PV projects that have been built up in advance have been unable to reach an agreement with the local government on the on-grid price, and have been unable to access the Internet. In the short term, they are not expected to receive project benefits. Similar PV issues (including the Golden Sun Project) using direct subsidy incentives have also encountered similar problems. At present, some companies, including several industry leaders, have withdrawn projects that have been approved by the Golden Sun program. The reason is simple: insufficient subsidies will result in a loss of these projects. In other cases, the company is using inferior products for engineering purposes due to insufficient subsidies. This also reflects the fact that China's existing PV policy needs to be improved in terms of using effective means to measure the actual implementation of the policy. Compared with the Chinese government's investment in other renewable energy projects, the government's policy support for the photovoltaic sector appears to be relatively conservative. If the government and industry can draw valuable lessons from a series of policy plans and demonstration projects, it will lay a solid foundation for the formulation and implementation of new policies in the next few years.

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