Key points of winter wheat fertilization technology

First, the fertilizer requirement of winter wheat

Winter wheat is the main food crop. Its life needs to undergo pre-winter emergence, tillering, regreening, jointing, booting, grouting, and maturity. The northern winter wheat area is planted in autumn, and it needs to pass through the winter and spring low temperature and dry weather, and has a long growth period, which is one of the crops with more fertilizer. Studies have shown that under normal cultivation conditions, for every 100 kg of wheat produced, about 3 kg of nitrogen should be absorbed from the soil, 1-1.5 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, 2-4 kg of potassium oxide, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. It is 3:1:3. In addition, the amount of fertilizer needed for different growth stages of winter wheat is different. The nutrient is absorbed more in the tillering stage before winter, and the nutrient is absorbed less in winter. After returning to green, it needs to absorb a large amount of nutrients. From the jointing to the flowering stage, it is the peak period of winter wheat absorption nutrients.

Second, the main points of fertilization technology

1. Apply sufficient base fertilizer to cultivate strong seedlings

The farmer said that "the wheat is rich and the base is the foundation." Applying the base fertilizer to promote the growth of strong seedlings and roots, there are a certain number of healthy tillers before winter, and lay the foundation for the growth of ear, grain and weight gain after spring. The base fertilizer is generally applied in combination with ploughing and ploughing before planting. In the dry land, the fertilizer can be applied to the bottom of the plow and then turned over. The soil is heavily viscous and the soil is firstly spread, then ploughed, and the fertilizer is turned into the soil. in. High-yield fields, generally 40 to 50 kg of Stanley compound fertilizer, can be mixed with farmyard manure, and the effect is better. In the middle and low-yield fields, the application of Stanley compound fertilizer is 30-40 kg, and the specific fertilization amount should be combined with the soil nutrient status and actual conditions.

2, return to green control, prevent lodging

The spring tillering of the regreening wheat began to occur. The management principle of this period is to consolidate the large divergence before winter, control the ineffective spring, and maintain the stable development of the group. For Wangchangtian block, top dressing is generally not needed to control and delay the occurrence of spring tillering and elongation at the base of the stem to prevent lodging. For wheat with weak growth, in the greening and rising period, combined with watering for topdressing, apply high-nitrogen compound fertilizer or nitrogen fertilizer 15-20 kg per acre to increase effective tillering and strive for sufficient number of ears per mu.

3, jointing re-applied, increase spikes

The jointing stage is the period of reproductive growth and vegetative growth. The demand for nutrients is large, so it is necessary to re-apply the joint fertilizer to increase the number of grains per panicle. For high-yield, high-yield fields, 20-30 kg of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer per acre combined with watering at jointing stage can reduce inefficient tillering, promote stems and strengthen the ability of wheat to resist lodging, and strive for large-grain, full-grain Multi-grain weight.

4, root dressing, increase grain weight

The heading and filling period is a key period for the grain number and grain weight of wheat. The main target of management is to prevent greed, premature aging and increase grain yield. In this period, the soil is generally no longer fertilized, so as not to cause gluttony and late maturity. It can be combined with the control of wheat ear mites. Spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution on the foliar surface can effectively improve the ability of wheat to resist dry hot wind, delay leaf senescence, increase 1000-grain weight, and achieve the purpose of increasing yield.