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First, the symptoms of copper deficiency in vegetables. When the copper content in vegetables is less than 4 mg/kg, copper deficiency may occur. In the absence of copper, the plants are short, chlorotic, and susceptible to disease. The obvious feature is that the color of the flower fades. For example, when the broad bean is deficient in copper, the color of the flower fades from the original deep reddish brown to white. When the copper deficiency is serious, the leaves or fruits are faded, and the top tips are white and dead and spread downward. Generally, monocotyledonous vegetables are sensitive to copper, and dicotyledonous vegetables are somewhat poor, but carrots have good copper fertilizer application.
1. Corn is short of copper. The leaves are chlorotic, gray, curved, and the leaves are reversed, and the tip of the new leaves is necrotic.
2. Soy is short of copper. The plants grow slowly, the leaves are light green, the leaves are yellow, and the lower leaves turn brown.
3, cucumber lack of copper, short internodes, clusters of young, young leaves, chlorosis between the old leaves, gradually develop to young leaves, late brown leaves, withered necrosis.
Second, the symptoms of excessive copper application in vegetables. Vegetables have limited tolerance to copper. When the copper content in the plant is greater than 20 mg/kg, copper poisoning may occur. The external characteristics of copper poisoning are similar to those of iron deficiency, first in the roots, and the elongation of the main root is blocked. The lateral roots become shorter, the number of lateral roots and root hairs decreases, the plasma membrane structure of the roots is destroyed, and a large amount of material overflows in the roots. The outer leaves are chlorotic, the old leaves are necrotic, and the petioles and leaf backs have purple-red patches. .
3. Types and application methods of copper fertilizer suitable for vegetable use 1. Copper sulfate. The copper content is 25%, dark blue crystal or blue particle powder, soluble in water. It can be used as base fertilizer, foliar spray and seed treatment, etc. It must be ploughed into the soil when applied, and it has a good effect. It is not advisable to mix with a large amount of nutrient fertilizer at the same time to avoid reducing fertilizer efficiency.
As base fertilizer: 1.0-1.5 kg of copper sulfate per acre, mixed with dry fine soil, then applied, applied or applied. The amount applied is less than the amount applied.
Seed dressing: 0.3-0.6 kg of copper sulfate per kg of seed, dissolve the fertilizer with a small amount of water, spray it evenly on the seeds, and sown after drying.
Soaking seeds: soak for about 12 hours with 0.01-0.05% copper sulfate solution, and sown after drying.
Foliar spray: It is best to carry out the seedling stage of vegetables, spray with 0.02-0.04% copper sulfate solution, spray 50-60 kg per acre; 7-10 days once, and spray twice. When the foliar spray is applied at a higher concentration, 0.15-0.25% slaked lime should be added to avoid phytotoxicity.
2. Copper chloride. Contains 75% copper and is hardly soluble in water. Can only be used as a base fertilizer.
3. Integrated copper. Contains 13% copper and is easily soluble in water.
4. Precautions Copper fertilizer is extremely toxic to crops. Therefore, it can only be applied when a qualified testing institution is diagnosed as having copper deficiency. The dosage is not too much, and the concentration is not strong. The critical indicator of effective copper deficiency in the soil is 02 mg/kg, and the application of copper sulfate per acre of vegetable soil does not exceed 900 g. The crops sensitive to copper deficiency are mainly corn, onions, spinach, etc., and the application rate of soil deficiency copper should be appropriately increased. In the acidic soil with excessive application of lime (such as brick red soil, red soil, etc.), or the soil with weak fertility (such as limestone soil, yellow soil, etc.), nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer are applied in large amount, which is prone to copper deficiency symptoms and should be paid attention to. Generally, the sandy soil should be applied less, and the copper fertilizer has a long effect period. Generally, it can be applied once every 3-5 years.
From: "Vegetables"
Non-polluted vegetable copper fertilizer application technology
Copper can participate in the redox reaction in plants and is an important component of superoxide dismutase, which is involved in nitrogen metabolism. Copper can increase the protein content and quality and increase the content of protein-related substances.
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