Surgical diseases in pigs cannot be ignored

Most of the prevention and control of swine diseases only focus on infectious diseases, because it spreads rapidly and is harmful. Some common surgical diseases, such as hoof splitting and lameness, are often overlooked, but long-term existence of these diseases can also bring great economic losses to the farm. The following is a brief description of common swine surgical diseases for reference.

1. Pig leg and foot disease

Porcine leg and foot disease is a clinically common disease, often caused by unscientific design of the ground and sports grounds of the pig house or due to genetic factors.

Prevention and control: strengthen selection and breeding, choose strong limbs, high and low, moderate thickness, good standing posture, no male and female sows with disease and disease, and eliminate breeding pigs with poor bone structure. Symptomatic treatment of arthritis and limb hoof injuries. The feed is supplied with sufficient minerals to maintain a balanced calcium and phosphorus ratio. The proportion of calcium and phosphorus in reserve boar should not be lower than 0.9% and 0.7%, respectively. When vitamin D is deficient, in addition to allowing the pigs to sunbathe through the sun to convert ultraviolet rays and supplement some vitamin D, modern research has added vitamin B to the feed, which has a good effect as a nutrient for reducing leg and foot disease. In addition, pigs are often given some sunburn, milk vetch, soy leaf powder and vitamin D3 to help prevent vitamin D deficiency.

2, rectal off

The pig disease refers to the rectum that connects the anus, and a part is taken out of the anus, which is also called rectal prolapse. It can be observed that the sick pigs frequently blame, there is a defecation posture, the rectal prolapse is cylindrically drooping, the initial mucosa is bright red, then the congestion is edematous, dark reddish purple, the surface is dirty and unclean, and even bleeding, erosion, necrosis. Severely ill pigs have reduced food intake and difficulty in defecation.

Prevention: First of all, to prevent the pig house from being wet, pigs diarrhea or constipation. For the rectal detoxification of the diseased pigs: warm 0.1-0.2 potassium permanganate or 10% hypertonic saline, 1-2% alum water to clean the receding rectum, puncture the edema of the mucosa with a needle Exfoliate the edema fluid and cut off the necrotic mucosa and edema mucosa. Be careful not to cut the muscle layer and serosa of the rectal mucosa. Wash with liquid medicine, return to the anus, suture the anus cigarette pack, or procaine after the sea hole injection, or use 95% alcohol around the rectum to prevent re-off. Severe partial rectal removal: the intestines are necrotic and perforated and can be surgically removed. The cleaning department, disinfection, anesthesia, on the normal intestines at the anus, with two long closed needles that are sterilized, cross the fixed intestines, and cut off the intestines 2 cm behind the needles to fully stop the bleeding. The two layers of intestinal tube were sutured with full-thickness nodules, iodine glycerin was applied, the fixed needle was removed, and the intestine was also placed in the anus. Feasible tail, recommended spinal epidural closure to prevent blame. Systemic application of antibacterial drugs after surgery.

3, cellulitis

Cellulitis is an acute diffuse suppurative infection of loose connective tissue that occurs under the skin, under the muscles, or between the muscles. In large-scale pig farms, when the ground and walls are not properly disinfected, the disease is often caused.

Primary cellulitis is generally caused by small wound infections, which are not strictly disinfected during clinical injection, or irritating drugs (turpentine, etc.) may cause this disease by mistaken or missed injection. Secondary cellulitis is secondary to direct spread of purulent infections in adjacent tissues or organs, or through blood and lymphatic metastasis.

Prevention and treatment of swine disease: First of all, the sick pig should be strengthened and managed, and clean drinking water and nutrient-rich and digestible feed should be given. At the same time, the sick pig should be lying for a long time, and hemorrhoids should be prevented. In the early stage of the disease, the development of inflammation should be controlled. The topical application is blocked with 0.5% procaine hydrochloride penicillin solution, and cold application (1% fish fat alcohol, 90% alcohol, lead acetate alum, and scorpion infusion). In the later stage, the absorption of inflammatory products should be promoted. The above solution should be used for warming. In severe cases, surgical incision can be used. The method is the same as pig abscess, but after the incision, the neutral salt hypertonic solution, Ordkov's acidic solution (prescription: 3% hydrogen peroxide and 20% sodium hydroxide solution each, 1000, turpentine 10) dipped gauze for drainage to facilitate the outflow of exudate in the tissue. In order to prevent secondary infection, systemic antibacterial and anti-inflammatory should be applied in large doses of penicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline and sulfonamides.

4, pig's hernia

Pig hernia is a common disease in which the intestinal tube of the abdomen is removed from the natural or pathological rupture to the subcutaneous or other luminal. According to the location of the occurrence, it is divided into three types: umbilical hernia, groin scrotum, and abdominal wall.

(1) Umbilical hernia: occurs mostly in piglets. Mainly due to incomplete or no occlusion of the umbilicus, the intra-abdominal pressure is increased when there is more intense activity, and some of the intestines are dropped into the umbilicus to form the umbilical hernia. In the umbilical part of the sick pig, there is a large round of walnuts or large eggs, even a large semi-circular swelling, soft, and the heat is not obvious. In the swelling, the peristaltic sound can be heard. When the intestine is not embedded in the umbilicus, the sick pig has almost no reaction; when the intestine is embedded in the umbilicus, the swelling is hard and solid, there is heat pain, the sick pig has abdominal pain, and sometimes vomiting. The treatment of umbilical hernia should be decided according to the specific circumstances. If the umbilical hole of young pigs is small and the intestines are not enough, as long as the intestines are still in the abdominal cavity, the bandages are tightened locally, and the intestines are not removed, and the umbilicus may be blocked. And healed. If the umbilicus is large or intestinal incision occurs, surgical closure of the umbilicus is required. Before the operation, it is necessary to stop eating for 1 day. When the operation is performed, the sick pig is supine and Baoding. After the preoperative preparation, the surgical department is cleaned, and the iodine is disinfected. After deiodination, the anesthesia is partially infiltrated with 1% procaine. Cut the hernia sac and be careful not to damage the intestinal tract in the sac. The intestine is also included in the abdominal cavity. If the intestines are stuck to the wall of the capsule, peel off carefully. The peritoneum was sutured continuously, and the umbilical muscle was broken with a thick wire for nodular suture or horizontal suture. Finally, sprinkle sulfonamide powder or penicillin powder, the skin is sutured. For small umbilical holes that cannot be closed with a partial compression of the bandage, a surgical approach can also be used.

(2) Abdominal wall paralysis: mainly due to the blunt violence of the outside world, such as collision, kicking, etc., acting on the soft abdominal wall, causing the muscles and membranes under the skin to rupture, causing the intestinal tube to fall into the skin. The abdominal wall is formed. After the onset, it can be seen that there is a spherical or elliptical soft swelling on the abdominal wall after the injury, such as a fist, a big one like a child's head. The swelling limit is clear, the heat pain is lighter, and when the force is pressed, the swelling is made smaller as the contents are also incorporated into the abdominal cavity, and the rupture of the abdominal wall muscle can be found by palpation. Treatment of abdominal wall spasm is mainly surgery. The sick pigs should be stopped for 1 day before surgery, and the operation method is the same as that of the umbilical hernia.

(3) Inguinal scrotum bottom: mainly the boar inguinal tube is too large, the intestine, especially the small intestine, falls from the inguinal canal into the scrotum and the disease occurs. It is congenital and there are also days after it happens. The main manifestation of sick pigs is that the scrotum on one side or both sides is enlarged, the symptoms are aggravated when the abdominal pressure is increased, and the hardness is different at palpation. You can touch the contents of the cockroach, you can also find the testicles. When the two hind limbs are lifted, the enlarged scrotum can be reduced to achieve the purpose of natural restoration. A small number of sick pigs can become cannulated sputum, and most of the pig's intestines have been stuck to the wall of the cyst. Treatment of swine scrotal hernia, especially in the case of hermetic scrotal hernia, should be treated with surgery, the effect is more accurate. General surgery and testicular castration are performed simultaneously. The surgical method is to hang the sick pig upside down, wash and disinfect the scrotum and its surroundings, and local anesthesia. In front of the scrotum, an incision parallel to the longitudinal axis is made on the outer ring of the inguinal region. The length of the incision should be about 5 to 10 cm according to the size of the pig. After the sheath is exposed, the total sheath is separated by the incision. In the case of a scrotal scrotum, the total sheath is separated from the scrotum together with the testis and its intestinal lumen, and the intestine is returned to the abdominal cavity with a finger. If it is intrathecal adhesion, the sheath can be cut open, and then peeled off with the fingers and then returned to the abdominal cavity; if it is a closed sputum, the narrow inner ring must be enlarged, according to the condition of the intestine, appropriate for the embedded intestinal After the treatment, it is returned to the abdominal cavity. After confirming that all the contents were returned, the sheath and the spermatic cord were twisted together for several weeks, and then the spermatic cord was ligated to the outer ring of the inguinal canal, and the spermatic cord was cut 1 to 1.5 cm below the ligature. The stump is sutured to the inguinal ring. If the inguinal ring is still large, a few needle nodules must be sutured. The skin and fascia were sutured separately, and the incision was iodine disinfected. Pigs after surgery should not be fed too early, too full, and reduce exercise. It will heal soon.

5, pig's uterus prolapse

Uterine prolapse refers to the inversion of the uterus, which is beyond the vulva and is a serious symptom of the postpartum risk of the sow. Most of the disease occurs within a few hours to three days after delivery, often sudden onset, part of the uterus or a part of the two corners of the uterus, like two thick long tubes, with horizontal folds, mucous membranes are purple-red, blood vessels are easy to rupture, outflow Bright red blood. In addition, soon, the uterus can be completely released. When the time is long, the mucous membranes will be congested and edematous, and it is easy to rupture and hemorrhage. It is dark red, and it is easy to stick to soil, grass and feces. Sick pigs have severe systemic symptoms, elevated body temperature, heart rate and respiratory increase. If they are found too late, treatment is not timely or improper treatment, often death.

Prevention and treatment of swine disease : The sick pig should be found to recover the uterus in time. Immediately wrap the uterus out of the sterilized wet towel or wet gauze to prevent abrasions and major bleeding. The sick pig is half-shouldered and half-beded, the hindquarters are raised, and the lumbar vertebrae are anesthetized. Give a painful tonic. The disinfectant washes the uterus, sutures the uterus with the gut, and repairs the uterus. The assistant holds the uterine horn. The surgeon starts from the part of the near vagina, first sends the vagina into the vulva, and then sends the cervix to the uterus. And the uterine horn. In order to prevent re-extraction, the vulva is sutured by varus suture. After surgery, combined with systemic therapy, antibiotic therapy and symptomatic therapy.