[tips] classification of fibers, yarns, fabrics, at a glance

Fiber classification

Plant fiber: cotton, hemp

Animal fibers: silk, wool

Man-made fiber (recycled): viscose, soy fiber, glass fiber, metal fiber

Synthetic fiber: polyester, brocade, nitrile, dimensional, acrylic, ammonia, chlorine (lun)

Classification of yarn

Pure cotton yarn: carded/semi-finished/combed (high uniformity, high strength, easy to color)

Synthetic yarns: polyester, nitrile, viscose, vinyllon yarn

Blended Yarn: T/C, C/C, T/R

Yarn: Yarn made from two or more yarns

Filament: Monofilament and multifilament

Deformed silk: high-elastic nylon yarn, low-elastic polyester yarn, acrylic fiber bulked yarn

Fancy Yarn: Slub Yarn, Spiral Small Flower, Seersucker, Symphony Yarn

Fabric classification

1, according to the raw materials used for yarn classification

The warp and weft yarns of the fabric consist of a single raw material. For example, cotton fabrics, hemp fabrics, silk fabrics, wool fabrics and the like that are woven with natural fibers. It also includes purified fabrics made of chemical fibers, such as rayon, polyester, and acrylic. The main feature is the basic performance of its constituent fibers.

Blend fabrics

Two or more fibers of the same chemical composition or different chemical compositions are blended to form a woven fabric. The main characteristic of the blended fabric is to reflect the superior performance of various fibers in the composed raw material, so as to improve the performance of the fabric and expand the applicability of the garment. Variety: hemp/cotton, wool/cotton, wool/hemp/tank, wool/polyester, polyester/cotton, etc.

The nomenclature is: the former has a large blending ratio, and the latter has a smaller blending ratio; the same blended ratio, the natural fiber is the front, the synthetic fiber is the rear, and the artificial fiber is the last.

Fabric

The warp and weft materials of the fabric are different, or one of the warp and weft yarns is a filament yarn, and a group of short fiber yarns are interwoven. The basic properties of cross-knit fabrics are determined by different kinds of yarns, and generally have different characteristics in warp and weft. Its varieties are silk wool intertwined, silk cotton intertwined.

2, according to the formation of fabric processing methods

Woven fabric

Refers to warp and weft fabrics with shuttle or shuttleless looms. The main feature is the warp and weft directions of the fabric. When the warp and weft in the fabric has different raw materials, yarn counts and densities, the fabric exhibits anisotropy.

Knitwear

Refers to the use of one or a group of yarn as raw material, weft knitting machine or warp knitting machine to form the fabric of the coil. According to processing methods can be divided into single-side weft (warp) knitted fabrics and double-sided weft (warp) knitted fabrics.

Non-woven fabric

Refers to textiles that have been formed directly from the fiber layers by bonding, fusing, or other methods without the traditional spinning and weaving processes.