Biological control is based on biological pesticides , pollution-free pesticides, specific pesticides, low-toxicity and low-residue pesticides, replacing the current large-scale application of chemical pesticides to control pests and diseases. With the development of the economy and the improvement of living standards, people are more and more concerned about their own health and living environment. Traditional chemical control will be gradually replaced by low-toxicity, low-residue pesticides and biological control, which is more worthy of attention in flower cultivation. . Abrasives Tools,Diamond Grinding Wheels,Diamond Grinding Disc,Abrasive Disc Hubei Chengze Diamod Products Co., Ltd. , https://www.ryomaltools.com
Biological pesticides generally refer to the use of biological living organisms (mycelium, hemispore crystals, insect viruses, etc.) to control pests and diseases. Compared with chemical pesticides, biological pesticides have no residue, no pollution, no pollution, and can be used exclusively. Relevant diseases, pest species (ie targets). At present, the most widely used pesticides at home and abroad are bacterial pesticides, antibiotics, insect hormones, entomopathogenic nematodes and insect virus pesticides.
First, the prevention and control of flower-feeding pests, biological pesticides, flower mites, venomous moths, caterpillars, yellow thorn moth, tussah, etc., can be used as follows:
1. Insect growth regulator (bionic pesticide)
The chlorfenapyr series insecticide is a novel insect growth regulator, and its insecticidal action mechanism is to inhibit chitin synthesis of insect epidermis. The chlorfenapyr is mainly a stomach poison, but it can also invade the insect epidermis. The medicament for controlling leaf-feeding pests has the advantages of special action mechanism, good control effect, long residual effect period, low control cost, rain-resistant showering, pest resistance, resistance to flower plants and environmental safety.
(1) Diflubenzuron No. 1: Diflubenzuron No. 1 is also known as diflubenzuron and dichlorfen. It is stable in acidic and neutral media and decomposes in alkaline media. It is low in toxicity to people and animals. The preparation contains 20% diflubenzuron suspension, 25% dichlorpyrifos wettable powder. The main role of chlorpyrifos No. 1 is stomach poisoning and contact killing, so that when the larvae molt, they cannot form a new epidermis, and the worm body deforms and dies. It has special effects on lepidopteran pests and is also effective against a variety of pests such as coleoptera and diptera. When controlling the armyworm, yellow thorn moth, hawk moth, and ruler, dilute with water to dilute about 2000 times.
Diflubenzuron No. 1 has obvious precipitation phenomenon. It should be shaken first and then diluted with water; it should not be mixed with alkaline pesticides; it can not be used when there is mulberry garden near the flowers.
(2) Diflubenzuron No. 3: also known as diurea No. 1 or chlorfenapyr. Pure product is white crystal. It is more stable to light and heat, and is easily decomposed by alkali and strong acid. Storage at room temperature is relatively stable. It is a non-toxic pesticide that is safe for natural enemies. The formulation is a 25% chlorfenapyr suspension.
Diflubenzuron 3 belongs to insect growth regulators. The agent mainly has a stomach poisoning effect, and some insect larvae can not be molted and immediately die. The larvae no longer take food after taking the medicine. Generally, the disability is started 3 days after spraying, and the peak of disability is reached in about 5 days. Because the adult does not molt, the agent is not effective against adults. Diflubenzuron No. 3 has a special effect on lepidopteran pests. When controlling pests such as the big bag moth, the ruler and the yellow thorn moth, it can be sprayed with 25% chlorpyrifos 2000 to 2500 times. It is very effective to use the Diflubenzuron No. 3 to dilute 800 to 1000 times with water to control the leaf miner. There is a precipitation phenomenon of the chlorpyrifos No. 3 suspension, which should be shaken and diluted with water. Before the larvae are three years old, the application of the drug is high, and the application of the larvae at the advanced age is low, so the dosage should be appropriately increased. In addition, it should be stored in a cool place.
In order to give full play to the insecticidal effect of the chlorfenapyr and achieve the expected control effect, it is necessary to grasp three links: (1) Accurately grasp the timing of spraying. It is best to use the medicine before the larva hatching to the third instar of the larva, and strive to spray the medicine within one week.
(2) Accurate dispensing. Ensure that the active ingredient at the diluted concentration does not decrease. Thoroughly dilute the precipitate at the bottom of the vial, and preferably open the vial to clean up the precipitate.
(3) Spraying is even and thoughtful. Since such agents are not systemic, it is necessary to uniformly apply the medicine to the upper and lower sides of the tree during spraying.
2. Bacterial pesticides - Bt emulsion Bt emulsion is a microbial pesticide of Bacillus thuringiensis, a bacterial insecticide of Bacillus. Its main insecticidal ingredient is hemispore crystals. The preparations are Bacillus thuringiensis wettable powder and Bt emulsion (containing 0.2% pyrethroid insecticide). The drug has become the main biocide widely used in countries around the world, and Bt emulsion has become an important agent in the biological control work in China.
The pathogenic mechanism of Bt emulsion is mainly that Bt insecticidal toxin causes disease in the digestive tract of the pest to die. After eating the leaves with Bt emulsion, the leaf-feeding pests cause convulsions, stop eating, unresponsiveness, diarrhea, and then black rings appear in the abdomen, gradually expanding to the whole body, and finally become black soft body, rot, upside down or die on leaves and branches.
Bt emulsion has pathogenic and toxic effects on various lepidopteran larvae and spider mites, such as the heartworm, yellow thorn moth, and locust moth, which are mainly used to control larvae of lepidopteran pests. The application period is generally earlier than the use of chemical pesticides. 2 to 3 days. Bt emulsion has a good effect on the control of lower larvae of pests. It works best when applied in hot weather.
Spray is used mainly at a concentration of 500 to 800 times (100 to 150 grams per acre). Collect the pests and worms that are killed and blackened by Bacillus thuringiensis, wrap them in gauze bags, simmer in water, and then add 50 to 100 liters of water per 50 grams of corpse washings. The insect control effect is also very good.
Since the drug is a wettable powdery biological preparation, it should be stored in a dry and cool place below 25 ° C, and also to prevent exposure and moisture. It is an ideal agent for protecting the environment and ecology for people, animals, natural enemies, plants and the environment. However, it should be noted that the ambient temperature should be kept above 20 °C and the optimum temperature is from 27 °C to 32 °C. This medicine cannot be mixed with alkaline pesticides, systemic organophosphorus pesticides or fungicides. In the use of young larvae, the spray should be even and thoughtful, and should be re-sprayed after the rain.
3. Plant-based pesticides (1) 1% smoke···························································································· It has no pollution and has a stimulating effect on flowers. It can be diluted with water to 1500 to 3000 times spray application.
(2) Baicao No.1 (0.6% matrine/lactone liquid): a plant source prepared by pulverizing, dissolving, adding additives and penetrating agents of various plants such as Niuxin Puzi and Sophora alopecuroides. pesticide. The mechanism of action is based on contact toxicity, supplemented by stomach toxicity, which promotes flower growth. It can be used to control various kinds of aphids and leaf-eating pests of flowers. It can be diluted with water by 1000 to 2000 times, and the control effect is over 98%. This medicine is a new generation of flower insecticide that is low in toxicity, low in residue, and does not pose a hazard to humans and animals and the environment.
(3) Hundreds of insects (1.2% smoke · ginseng emulsifiable concentrate): Hundreds of insects are plant pesticides, the active ingredients are nicotine and matrine, which have stomach poisoning, contact killing and fumigation effects on insects. It is low-toxic to humans and animals, has no pollution to the environment, and has no phytotoxicity to flowers. It can be diluted 800 to 1000 times with water to control leaf-feeding pests such as gardening mites and sucking pests, and to control lepidopteran larvae (before 3rd instar) can use 2000 times liquid.
(4) Fruit and vegetable net (0.5% alfalfa emulsifiable concentrate): It belongs to plant pesticides. The drug is highly effective, safe, low-toxic, low-residue, and does not cause phytotoxicity when applied to flowers. At the same time, it has stomach poisoning, contact killing and certain anti-feeding effects, but it is mainly based on antifeeding and stomach poisoning. Dilution with water to 800 to 1200 times spray can control leaf-eating pests such as scorpionfish, moth, moth, etc., with a control effect of 98%, second only to pyrethroid insecticides.
2. Biological pesticides for controlling flower sucking pests 1. Fungal pesticides Fungal biological pesticides mainly include mites. Sclerotium is a new fungal biopesticide. The main insecticidal component of the fungus is an ester-soluble sterol compound, which has low toxicity, fast knockdown on aphids, and kills leafhoppers, does not harm grasshoppers, ladybugs and other beneficial insects, and promotes growth of flowers, Make the leaf color turn green and so on. The concentration used is 200 to 300 times.
2. Antibiotic pesticides (1) abamectin (1.8%, 0.9%): abamectin Ai Fuding also known as an active ingredient, the drug of avermectin (AvermectinB1). It is widely used at home and abroad. It can effectively control a large number of plant mites and other pests that are not sensitive or resistant to commonly used pesticides, such as red spiders, leaf miner moths, thorn moths, and mites. Toxic moths, hibiscus and other food leaves, sucking flower pests. It has stomach poisoning and contact killing effects on mites and other pests. Compared with chemical pesticides, the drug has a fast recovery rate of predatory and parasitic beneficial insects, which is conducive to ecological balance. Dilute 15,000 to 20,000 times with water to control red spiders. It is a highly effective acaricide (about 1.8 ml of 1.8% stock solution per mu). Diluting 3000 to 5000 times the spray with water can also kill leaf-eating pests and kill nematodes. Therefore, Qiqisu is a broad-spectrum, highly effective insecticide. The drug is easily decomposed in the presence of oxygen and light, and has no residue. It is beneficial to humans and animals, flower plants, natural enemies, and the environment.
(2) Liuyangmycin (10% water preparation): Liuyangmycin is a kind of acaricide, which is a new type of antibiotics. It can be used with 800 to 1000 times of liquid chemicals and can be used with chemical pesticides such as dicofol, ketone and gram. The efficacy period can be as long as 15 to 30 days.
(3) Huaguangmycin (2.5% powder preparation): Huaguangmycin is a new type of antibiotic acaricide, which does not pollute the environment, has no residue in air and soil, and has beneficial insects. Protection is one of the better agents to protect natural enemies. It has a stimulating effect on flower plants. The concentration is 600-800 times diluted with water, and the best effect can be achieved by using it twice in 7 to 10 days.
3. Plant Pesticide Plant pesticides include guard birds (0.5% cucurbitacin). The guard bird is a plant pesticide. The medicine is a plant insecticide with cucurbitacin solution as the main raw material. It is best for all kinds of aphids, especially aphids that are prone to resistance, and also has a certain effect on spider mites, and the concentration is 800 to 1000 times. (Qianhan)