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Industrial cluster: refers to enterprises, specialized suppliers, service provider suppliers, financial institutions, manufacturers of related industries and other related institutions that have competition and cooperation in a specific region and are geographically concentrated and interactive. The group consisting of. The depth and complexity of different industrial clusters are different. It represents a new form of spatial economic organization between the market and the hierarchy.
China's stone industry clusters are highly correlated with economic growth. In the short span of 30 years, China's industrial reform, structural transformation, technological innovation and economic development have achieved unprecedented achievements. The stone industry cluster represented by Fujian Shuitou, Guangdong Yunfu and Shandong Laizhou has developed rapidly under such a unique economic background, and has developed a diversified development path at the local and surrounding areas.
The clustering of the stone industry is conducive to promoting regional economic growth. Relevant theoretical research and development practice show that enterprises in the same industry pursue the maximization of overall interests in cooperation, and the formation of closely related industrial clusters is the main way to enhance regional competitiveness. Industrial clusters gather small and medium-sized enterprises in the same industry in a certain area, further deepening the division of labor and cooperation in production in the region, thus forming a more effective way of production organization; and combining industrial development with regional economy to make industrial space The proximity is enhanced, which can greatly reduce the transportation cost caused by frequent transactions between enterprises and improve regional production efficiency.
The clustering of the stone industry is also conducive to expanding the industrial agglomeration effect. The economic energy generated by the agglomeration is the driving force for the entry of external enterprises. Once the prototype of the industrial cluster is formed, it can attract more relevant enterprises, R&D service organizations and professional talents to gather, and generate cumulative effects in terms of professional knowledge, production skills and market information. , to obtain more market opportunities, more market information and talent support, thereby reducing market risk. At the same time, it will also increase the pressure of peer competition, promote mutual learning, reduce learning costs, and further enhance the industry's innovation and competitiveness.
It can be said that the clustering of the stone industry is an important symbol of China's stone industry from scratch, from small to large, gradually becoming bigger and stronger.
However, from the other side, China's stone industry clusters also have problems. According to Michael Porter, the "father of competitive strategy" in the United States, industrial clusters are not a simple addition of similar enterprises, but an organic whole consisting of enterprises and other corresponding institutions that are closely related to each other in an industrial field. It includes at least three elements: one is related to an industrial field, which is the basis for industrial cluster formation; the other is that enterprises within the industrial cluster and related institutions have close ties with each other, which is the key to the formation of industrial clusters; Industrial clusters are a complex organic whole. They include not only enterprises, but also related chambers of commerce, associations, banks, intermediaries, etc. This is the entity composition of industrial clusters.
In view of this, our stone industry cluster is obviously still primary. First, there is more than horizontal development and insufficient vertical support. The mining resources are relatively developed, but the management and rational development of upstream mines, the management and implementation of standardized products in the middle reaches, the downstream value-added brands, marketing networks and other products have relatively lagging development capacity; second, the products are low in the global industrial chain. At the end, enterprise development is not based on the competitive advantage of innovation, more from low-cost comparative advantages, and the resulting vicious competition; third, for industrial clusters, some local governments only stay in general planning, or to the central The simple communication of documents does not understand what enterprises need, fosters entrepreneurial and innovative atmosphere, and strengthens the links between related enterprises and between industry, academia and research. This is also a key issue for the development of clusters.
What is more gratifying is that during the Laizhou International Stone Fair, the China Stone Industry Association can actively serve and promote the second stone industry cluster seminar, and can actively negotiate and learn from each other. This will help to promote marketers, economics and policy-making institutions to achieve a multi-directional flow of information through effective communication, and finally the Chinese stone and Chinese stone clusters leap.
Briefly describe the joys and sorrows of China's stone industry clustering
Industrial clusters emphasize the agglomeration of enterprises in the same industry. The focus of industrial clusters lies in the cooperation and division of labor between different industries. Their specific definitions are: