Occupational disease prevention and control, break through in difficult situations

Provincial Party Secretary and Director Guo Tangyu repeatedly stressed at the provincial safety production work conference: "Occupational health concerns the dignity of laborers and the vital interests of thousands of workers. It is related to the grand goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way. The realization is that the majority of safety supervisors must do a good job of conscientious work!" At present, the situation of occupational disease prevention and control work in our province is relatively severe, and occupational health supervision work has a long way to go. What are the difficulties? Where is the breakout? The Hubei Daily newspaper reporter made an in-depth interview for this.

Dilemma: Occupational disease hazards, old diseases have not been added and new breakthroughs have been added: multi-pronged approach, focusing on special management of key industries

A set of data that makes people restless.

As an important industrial base in the country, our province covers a wide range of industries, including traditional industries and emerging industries, involving mining, chemical and chemical processing, quartz sand processing, electronic manufacturing, stone processing, smelting, cement, textile, and luggage processing. More than 30 fields including footwear, shipbuilding, construction and installation, furniture manufacturing, and automobile manufacturing. According to incomplete statistics, there are nearly 200,000 enterprises with occupational disease hazards and about 2 million workers exposed to occupational diseases. In 2016, there were more than 900 new occupational diseases, which increased by more than 20% compared with 2015. "In the face of severe situation, we must take a multi-pronged approach, pay attention to the risk of occupational disease hazards at the source, and promote special governance in key industries." Zhao Shuxiang, director of the Occupational Health Division of the Provincial Safety Supervision Bureau said.

The New Deal is frequent and constantly touches the nerves of the enterprise. In 2017, the State Administration of Work Safety revised the “three simultaneous” supervision and management regulations for occupational disease prevention facilities. The Provincial Safety Supervision Bureau, in conjunction with the actual situation in Hubei, improved the specific implementation measures, strengthened the main responsibility of the construction unit, and required construction projects to carry out “three simultaneous” work according to law. (ie, occupational disease prevention facilities are designed, constructed, and put into production at the same time as the main project), and the occupational hazards are controlled from the source.

In the past two years, the number of “three simultaneous” construction projects for occupational disease prevention facilities in the province has reached more than 1,000 each year. Compared with the dozens of cases in the province before the revision of the Law on Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases, the changes are obvious. At the same time, a “step-by-step” strategy for occupational disease prevention and control has also been rolled out. Focus on key areas, focus on superior forces and fight against annihilation. Each year, two to three key industry sectors will be included in the scope of governance, and the scope of governance will be consolidated and expanded year by year. Since 2011, our province has carried out special treatment in 18 key industries such as mines, hazardous chemicals production and stone processing, and has participated in more than 20,000 enterprises.

In 2015 and 2016, the state held a national occupational health work conference in our province for two consecutive years to organize and exchange the advanced practices of occupational health supervision in our province. Zhan Yuanhong, member of the Party Committee and deputy director of the Provincial Safety Supervision Bureau, said that the province has initially formed the basic pattern of occupational disease prevention and control work, and the special treatment of occupational disease hazards in key industries has been continuously promoted.

Dilemma: Corporate Responsibility Employees' Protection Awareness Is Not Strongly Breakthrough: Demonstration Leading, Creating an Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Environment

When the reporter went to an employee in Luotian for an occupational health check with the inspection team, he saw a thought-provoking scene. “Can you tell us about the occupational health work of your factory?” “We have a special person sweeping the water every day in our factory. The sanitary conditions of the canteen are up to standard, and the employees bring their own dishes. They are disinfected.” Occupational disease is the main content of occupational health work. The understanding of the person in charge of the enterprise is quite different from the actual situation. It reflects that some enterprises do not understand or pay attention to the idea of ​​occupational health work, and naturally cannot talk about the implementation of the main responsibility of prevention and treatment.

In an electronics manufacturing enterprise workshop in Danjiangkou City, the inspection team saw employees wearing protective equipment as required. When the inspection team left, the reporter returned to the workshop and found that some employees took off the masks and earplugs, and the exhaust fan that had been turned on was also turned off. It turned out that what I did just did was to cope with the inspection.

The inspection team expert said that the enterprise knows that there is an occupational disease hazard but is reluctant to invest, and the worker's awareness of occupational disease hazard protection is weak, which is a major problem in the current occupational disease prevention and control work in our province.

By intensifying law enforcement, the company is forced to implement the main responsibility. At the end of last year, the Provincial Security Committee carried out occupational health special law enforcement inspections in many places. The province examined a total of 6,559 employers, issued 5,780 law enforcement documents, found 19,668 problems and hidden dangers, suspended production and rectification, and closed 20, administrative The penalty was 3.586 million yuan. Let the company feel deeply "moving the real thing." Wuhan Dongfeng Coating Equipment Co., Ltd. did not declare occupational disease hazard projects according to law, and arbitrarily deactivated occupational disease prevention equipment, and was punished by 300,000 yuan according to law; Hubei Huaqiang Chemical Group of Dangyang City did not legally implement the declaration of occupational disease hazard projects, and did not conduct regular inspections according to law. The evaluation was fined 170,000 yuan according to law.

Occupational diseases are invisible invisible killers. People pay attention to the visible "red wounds" and ignore the invisible "white wounds". In order to create an atmosphere of occupational disease prevention and control, our province has carried out knowledge consultation and publicity on occupational disease prevention and control in workplaces, key enterprises, and places where people such as stations and plazas, and at the same time carried out the establishment of “standardized management of occupational health management” to establish a model and promote occupational health. Management level to effectively prevent, control and eliminate occupational hazards. "Let the occupational disease enter the mind, and take care of a healthy eye." Li Ling, deputy director of the Provincial Supervision and Health Commission, and the expert of the provincial occupational health expert, said that the province has initially established a relatively complete occupation. The health service network has achieved the work objectives of the county and county coverage of the medical examination institutions and the diagnostic institutions (states), and it is convenient for workers to get occupational health examinations, occupational disease diagnosis and identification.

The target of the 13th Five-Year Plan for the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases in Hubei Province issued this month: the wearing rate of personal protective equipment in key industries should reach 95%, the periodic detection rate of occupational disease hazards should reach more than 85%, and the occupation of workers during their employment. The health check rate should reach 95%; the training rate of the main person in charge and occupational health management personnel should reach 100%.

Dilemma: The construction of institutions is lagging behind, and the ability needs to be improved. Breakthrough: integrated supervision, demolition of fences to form a joint force

"In the past, occupational health supervisors often worked alone, and one or two people in charge of hundreds of enterprises in a county. In the face of a large number of people exposed to occupational diseases, it is inevitable that they will not be able to do so." For the previous regulatory pain, Macheng full-time occupational health Xiong Ling, the supervisor, is still fresh in her memory. She said, “It’s not the same now. Through integrated supervision and enforcement, the occupational health check is included in every safety production inspection, and the supervision force has suddenly improved a lot.”

At the beginning of the prevention and control of occupational diseases, it faced the dilemma of insufficient supervision. The newly revised "Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Law" was officially promulgated on December 31, 2011, and it was clarified that the main body of supervision of the workplace is the safety supervision department, but the internal organs and full-time personnel of the two-level safety supervision department are still "blank."

After years of unremitting efforts, the municipal and state safety supervision departments have set up occupational health supervision institutions, and 65% of county (city, district) level safety supervision departments have set up occupational health supervision departments, and 90% of counties (cities, districts) implement them. A full-time supervisor. From scratch, a framework system for the supervision and control of occupational disease prevention and control has been established. However, there are still relatively "lags" in the construction of institutional personnel, the shortage of full-time occupational health supervisors, and the inability to fully meet the needs of regulatory tasks.

How to break through? At the beginning of 2017, our province took the lead in exploring the “integrated” supervision and enforcement of occupational health and safety production in the country, and focused on cracking the shortcomings of the shortage of supervisors. In the work of safety inspection, daily supervision and inspection, and construction project inspection, occupational health examination is taken as the “specified action” and responsibility assessment content.

Zhao Shuxiang said that the integrated supervision and enforcement of the fence wall, the optimization of the human resources allocation of the safety supervision department, the implementation of the management of safe production must manage occupational health, form a joint force of supervision, to a certain extent, break through the predicament of inadequate supervision.