Zhang Shuhua (Qingdao Jinbeiyang Engineering Materials Co., Ltd., 266012), the construction technology and characteristics of the polyurethane rigid foam external wall insulation system and the external polyurethane rigid foam external wall insulation system. / Global polyurethane mesh exterior wall insulation technology originated in Europe and the United States, China began to pilot in the mid-1980s, the current level of building energy efficiency in China is far lower than developed countries such as Europe and the United States. The energy consumption per unit of building area in China is 3-5 times that of developed countries and cities. Building energy conservation is an important issue in China's construction industry. Civil construction occupies a considerable proportion in China's construction industry. Walls and windows in civil buildings account for more than 80% of energy consumption. 1. At present, domestically used insulation materials are not up to the relevant national regulations. Some even exist if they meet the requirements. Complex and complex construction costs are unfavorable factors. At present, there is an urgent need in the domestic market for new insulation materials with convenient construction, low cost, comprehensive energy injection and obvious heat preservation effect. As the building energy-saving index is increased to 65%, the urethane rigid foam high-efficiency insulation material and composite insulation technology have been upgraded to an important position. External wall insulation technology The external wall insulation is to place the insulation material on the inner side of the outer wall. The advantage is that the water resistance and weather resistance of the insulation material are not high, and the existing building energy-saving renovation, especially the current house sale. For individuals, it is difficult to renovate the entire building or the entire community. It is convenient to use internal insulation for a single household. Can meet the requirements of the first phase of building energy efficiency. However, the internal wall insulation has exposed some defects, which limits the application of insulation inside the wall. The inner wall thermal insulation finish layer is easy to crack, and the ring beam and the structural column cause heat loss of the heat bridge to be large, causing mildew phenomenon. It is not convenient for the user to make a second renovation and occupy the indoor space. With the further improvement of the external wall insulation requirements of 50% in the second phase of China's building energy conservation and 65% in the third phase, especially after the energy-saving renovation of existing buildings is mentioned, the internal insulation of the external walls is limited. The external wall sandwich insulation is to place the insulation material between the inner and outer Mi leaf wall sheets of the same outer wall. The advantage is that the performance of the thermal insulation material, the construction season and the construction strip are not high, and the shortcomings of the winter construction are not affected. There are connecting parts between the inner and outer leaf walls, the structure is relatively complicated, and the outer protective structure has many thermal bridges and thermal insulation materials. Efficiency is not enough. In the construction process, the external thermal insulation is convenient for the external thermal insulation construction, and the external thermal insulation is inconvenient for the external thermal insulation construction. For this kind of local internal insulation and partial external insulation, the insulation method causes different deformation speeds and deformation sizes of different parts of the outer wall main body of the whole building, so that the building is in a more unstable environment and the temperature difference structure deformation occurs after several years. Cracks shorten the life of the entire building, and mixed insulation causes serious damage to the building. Therefore, it is not recommended to use internal and external mixed insulation. External wall h insulation and external wall insulation and sandwich insulation phase tb have seven advantages. A protect the main structure, extend the life of the building. Because the insulation layer is placed outside the building envelope structure, buffering due to temperature changes The stress caused by the structural deformation avoids the rain, snow, freezing and thawing, and the structure and ship caused by the dry and wet cycle, which reduces the harmful gas in the air and the erosion of the envelope by the h-line. The external h insulation can effectively improve the structure of the outer wall. Service life reduces the cost of long-term maintenance. b Basically eliminates the influence of the 'thermal bridge' â–¡ the heat dissipation channel formed by the window hole and other parts. c The wall moisture condition can be improved, and the vapor barrier layer needs to be provided without the need to set the insulation inside the vapor barrier layer. When the heat insulation is applied to the inner side of the insulation layer, the main wall body generally does not condense. Phenomenon, there is no need to set the vapor barrier. After adopting the hh insulation measure, the temperature of the entire wall of the structural layer is increased, and the moisture content of the wall is relatively reduced, thereby improving the insulation performance of the wall. d is conducive to the stability of the room temperature. The structural layer with large heat storage capacity is inside the wall. When the indoor air temperature rises or falls, the wall structure layer can absorb and release heat, which is beneficial to the indoor temperature stability. It is convenient for the energy-saving renovation of existing buildings. When the old building is to be insulated and energy-saving, it does not need to be temporarily relocated, basically does not interfere with the indoor normal life of residents, and it is also convenient to enrich the beautification. fThe second decoration does not damage the insulation layer g increase the housing use area Spraying method polyurethane rigid foam external wall insulation system 1 Scope of application a system suitable for multi-layer and middle and high-rise new civil construction, industrial building And the eve wall insulation project for the energy-saving renovation of existing buildings. bL This system is suitable for buildings with anti-seismic cracking degree less than or equal to 8 degrees. c. The system is suitable for the base wall as a concrete wall or various types of external walls. The on-site spraying polyurethane rigid foam exterior wall h insulation system can be divided into two types: paint finish system and face tile finish system according to different finish layers. The basic structure is: polyurethane moisture-proof primer, spray polyurethane rigid foam insulation layer, interface mortar layer, anti-cracking polymer mortar composite alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh protective layer, scratch-resistant anti-cracking flexible putty, brush finish coating ( For paint finish systems). Or crack-resistant polymer mortar composite hot-dip galvanized welded wire mesh expansion anchor to fix the crack-resistant protective layer, tile facing layer (for the face tile facing system). 2.3 Construction points and precautions 2L3L1 spraying urethane hard foam outside the wall h insulation should be a completely effective insulation system, thermal bridge parts, such as â–¡ window openings, bay windows, daughter walls, provocations, balconies, etc. should be strengthened Insulation, the part that is not easy to spray polyurethane rigid foam should be smeared with thermal insulation mortar or paste polyurethane ester block before polyurethane hard foam spraying construction. The 312 base wall shall comply with (the concrete structure construction quality inspection 2002 and the masonry construction quality acceptance regulations 2002 requirements. The flatness error of the base wall shall not be 3nm, otherwise the base wall shall be leveled before proceeding Spraying construction work. In order to ensure the effective bonding between the polyurethane rigid foam and the base wall, the base wall should be fully dried, the water content is less than 8%, and the interface treatment should be carried out on the base wall. 2 vertical 3 construction baskets or special scaffolding should be erected firmly. The horizontal and vertical bars of the scaffold should be moderately spaced from the wall and the corner. The scaffolding should be adapted to the outer wall. The distance between the spray gun and the speed of the spray gun should be appropriate. Above 5, the wind speed should not be greater than 10M/S, and construction is not allowed on rainy days. If the rainy season construction should be well protected against rain. Base treatment to clean up the floating ash, remove loose parts, a cement mortar, leveling, brushing, polyurethane, moisture-proof primer, spray polyurethane hard foam, brushing interface mortar, crack-resistant polymer mortar or insulation mortar leveling - protective layer and finish layer 2.5 spray Polyurethane rigid foam external wall insulation system performance index fold k water absorption frit. No water b 3 Chongshan division of the cold and cold in the second time, cold discharge K water A Bao Yushou, decorated with blood and knots such as W defense B4 tribute to Chuanbu 'such as fCft:hi and external conditions along the ç© 2.6 spray polyurethane hard foam advantages and disadvantages Spray polyurethane rigid foam construction is subject to environmental constraints, winter temperature is not easy to construct, rain can not be applied, the wind can not be greater than 5 Class, the wind speed should not be greater than 10n / s, there is foam splash during the spraying process, because it is a manual operation of the spray gun, the technical level of the gunman is higher, otherwise it is not easy to spray flat. However, the sprayed polyurethane rigid foam body has obvious advantages: the sprayed polyurethane rigid foam body and the wall form a continuous insulation layer with no gap and no cavity, which can effectively block the "heat bridge". Moreover, the thermal conductivity of polyurethane rigid foam is as low as 0.016~0.025W (mk), and the thermal insulation effect is better than other thermal insulation materials such as EPS and XPS. Since the sprayed polyurethane rigid foam is an excellent bonding material and is firmly combined with the base wall, it can resist the influence of unfavorable comprehensive factors, that is, to withstand the wind, the dead weight and the normal impact under the most unfavorable temperature and humidity conditions in the local area. The inner and outer h phase combined with the load, the polyurethane insulation layer still does not drum, separate from the base layer and remains stable in the wet state. a good wet tightness, sprayed polyurethane rigid foam body consists of multiple layers, each layer has a dense film and the rigid polyurethane foam has a closed cell structure with a closed cell ratio of more than 95%. Therefore, the sprayed polyurethane rigid foam has excellent properties. Waterproof, steam-proof performance, and non-absorbent, can block the penetration of water and water vapor, so that the wall maintains a good stable thermal insulation state. This is difficult to achieve with other insulation materials. The wall surface of the polyurethane rigid foam external wall insulation has no seams, holes and peripheral seals, and has good waterproof performance, preventing rainwater from entering the system and causing harm. There is no condensation in the wall of the bi wall. During the drying process of the new wall or in the winter condition, the room temperature will not condense due to the barrier of the polyurethane rigid foam when it migrates to the outside. c. Can withstand the most severe climate change in the locality. No matter the high temperature or cold weather, the insulation system will not cause irreversible damage and deformation, thus avoiding the surface deformation caused by the temperature change of the external wall surface and avoiding the occurrence of surface cracks. The sprayed polyurethane rigid foam is a material having a higher strength ratio (ratio of material strength to bulk density) and other insulating materials having a stronger resistance to external forces. 25 The wall body structure has strong adaptability to deformation and good crack resistance. The sprayed polyurethane rigid foam is a material with a large amount of flexible deformation, and it has strong resistance to external deformation. Under the action of external force, temperature deformation, dry and wet deformation, etc., cracks are not easy to occur, and the stability and durability of the system can be effectively ensured. The main wall structure attached to the polyurethane rigid foam is deformed, such as shrinkage, expansion, etc., and the polyurethane rigid foam external wall thermal insulation system conforms to the principle of layer-by-layer flexible gradient layer-by-layer release stress. The rigid polyurethane foam and the main wall structure, the linear expansion coefficient of the reinforced concrete is similar, so there is no crack or detachment. Each layer of the constituent system of the polyurethane rigid foam external wall insulation system has chemical and physical stability, is compatible with each other, and cooperates with each other. It can achieve damage during the life of the structure due to dry, wet, electrochemical corrosion and damage caused by insects, fungi, algae or rodents, and can meet the requirements of 25 years of use. The construction of sprayed polyurethane rigid foam is mechanized by high-pressure foaming machine. The high speed and high efficiency of construction are unmatched by other foam insulation construction. The sprayed polyurethane rigid foam has strong adaptability to the shape of the building, and is particularly suitable for the complex parts of the building structure nodes, such as the outer bay window, the tiger window, the deformation joint, the stairwell and other complex parts of the building for comprehensive insulation. Due to the direct spraying on site, the liquid material can save transportation costs compared with the board paste. 28 easy to repair, spray polyurethane rigid foam repair is very convenient to maintain its appearance and function after the repair. Sprayed polyurethane rigid foam is a material with high chemical stability, heat resistance, low temperature resistance, acid and alkali resistance and environmental protection. Casting method of polyurethane rigid foam external wall insulation system pouring method polyurethane rigid foam outer wall outer insulation system is composed of: outer wall base layer, polyurethane rigid foam insulation layer, interface layer, polymer cement mortar composite alkali-resistant mesh cloth protective layer Auxiliary rigid reinforcement layer and finish layer. The construction process is divided into two types: detachable template and insert template. After the detachable template is cast foamed polyurethane, the template is removed and reused, and the template is used as a reusable machine; the inserting template is a protective layer of polyurethane foam after casting foamed polyurethane, and can also be a decorative layer. . 1 placed template casting method base treatment a fixed template a cast foamed polyurethane one - free template external surface treatment a crack resistant polymer overlay mortar a substrate external treatment a template surface for the release agent treatment a template Casting foamed polyurethane-disassembly template-polyurethane rigid foam interface treatment-resistance cracking polymer overlay mortar-paint finish or tile finish a construction temperature should be higher than 10C, wall moisture content should be lower than 8%, rainy day is no Under the protective measures, it is not allowed to construct the construction of the bi-plate. It is necessary to ensure that the stability of the template is fixed firmly. c. When pouring foamed polyurethane, there should be a certain time interval for each injection, and the injection volume should not be too large. In case the decorative board is deformed or cracked. /Global polyurethane mesh d detachable template pouring polyurethane exterior insulation system! The surface of the polyurethane rigid foam insulation layer should be treated as an interface to ensure the stability of the system. The density of cast polyurethane foam should be in the range of 25~45kg/n3. If the density is greater than 45kg/n3 foamed polyurethane, it should be subjected to partial test before large-area construction. During the pouring construction, the continuity and fullness of the polyurethane rigid foam insulation layer should be ensured, and no fault should occur. g cast polyurethane rigid foam should be no cavity, urethane hard foam insulation layer should be free of defects, cracks, shedding and other defects, to ensure that the polyurethane insulation layer and the building wall firmly form a whole. 3.4 Pouring method of polyurethane rigid foam performance index Yan Wei Wei N for m, 牟丨丨 bait access average è°€ æ´² 3.5 3.5 3.5 pouring method polyurethane rigid foam external wall insulation advantages and disadvantages are too restricted by environmental conditions. The technical requirements of the operators on the construction site are not high. However, the pouring method is to carry out polyurethane foaming in a closed cavity. Since the polyurethane has a high foaming ratio, a large foaming pressure, and a high speed, the external expansion force is also large. How to determine the influence of external expansion force on the formwork to improve the construction efficiency has always been a difficult problem in the construction of polyurethane external wall insulation by pouring method. Casting foamed polyurethane S! Corresponding supporting technologies in the external wall insulation system, such as the influence of the moisture content of the wall when the polyurethane rigid foam adheres to the outer wall and the bonding between the polyurethane rigid foam insulation layer and the protective layer are not complete. Technical system. Because of this, the pouring method of polyurethane rigid foam external wall insulation is subject to technical constraints, and it is not as widely used in current spraying methods. 32 casting method polyurethane rigid foam external wall insulation is to inject foamed polyurethane into the closed cavity of the cavity. The foam-free splash foaming material has less loss and does not pollute the environment. The surface of the insulation layer is smooth and smooth. The placement template is a protective layer or a facing layer that does not remove the template to form a polyurethane rigid foam insulation layer after casting, which not only forms a high flat surface but also can be normally constructed in a thin template, which will be insulated, waterproof, The decorative integration technology is applied to the high-resistance exterior wall exterior insulation finish decoration project. 3.6 Cast-in-place polyurethane rigid foam composite panel exterior insulation system Cast-in-place polyurethane rigid foam composite panel exterior insulation system Currently there are two types of fiber-reinforced composite panels with veneer layer cast-in-place polyurethane rigid foam h insulation system. The other type is a composite cement board cast-in-place polyurethane rigid foam external insulation system. Polyurethane rigid foam insulation system with veneer fiber composite insulation board is an ideal substitute for EPXPS board. Polyurethane rigid foam composite foam board can meet the requirements of building energy saving of 65%. The cast-in-place polyurethane rigid foam composite cement board outer h insulation system is composed of a base wall, a foamed polyurethane insulation layer, a composite cement sheet, a tile bonding layer and a tile facing. The process is: firstly, longitudinal XPS extruded benzene board keel is arranged between the base wall and the cement sheet, and then foamed polyurethane is injected between the longitudinal XPS extruded benzene board keel and the cement sheet to make the polyurethane hard foam in the foaming process. The base layer wall and the cement sheet are firmly bonded together. The outer side of the cement sheet is bonded with a tile-bonded mortar to cover the facing layer. The process can ensure that the tile is firmly adhered and not easy to crack and fall off, and can be partially constructed and segmented. The construction site has no pollution and has little impact on the construction environment, which is more conducive to the energy-saving renovation of the old building. Paste method polyurethane rigid foam sheet exterior insulation system paste method polyurethane rigid foam board exterior wall insulation system, including polyurethane hard foam sheet system with facing layer and polyurethane hard foam board thin plastering system. The latter construction process is basically the same as the EPS board thin plastering exterior insulation system. The basic structure is: base wall, cement mortar leveling layer, polymer bonding mortar, polyurethane rigid foam insulation board, anchor bolt fixing, crack-resistant polymer cement mortar composite alkali-resistant mesh cloth, elastic putty, elastic paint finish. Two methods can be used to bond the polyurethane rigid foam board, one is the point frame method, and the other is a coating method. Point frame method is applied along the periphery of the polyurethane board with steel trowel to prepare the adhesive glue slurry. 4050rain thickness 10nnn When using standard size polystyrene board, 8 adhesive glue points should be evenly arranged in the middle part of the board surface. The diameter of each point is 100nn garden bonding point, the center distance is 200nm, and the coating area of ​​the bonding glue should not be less than 60%. Second, the strip coating method is full of bonding glue on the back side of the board, and then the special sawtooth is used. The trowel presses the back of the sheet and maintains a 45-degree angle to scrape off the excess adhesive between the serrations. The strip has a number of 10 nm thick, 13 nm thick, 40 nm center-to-center and parallel to the long side of the polyurethane sheet. Slurry belt. After the adhesive paste is applied, the plate should be placed on the wall of the base wall immediately and slide it into place. When it is pasted, the action is light and evenly squeezed. The polyurethane foam board is pasted and laid horizontally from the bottom to the top in the horizontal direction from the bottom of the building. Each row of boards should be offset from each other by 1/2 plate length. After the plate is attached, use a special trowel to flatten the edge of the plate to minimize the unevenness between the plates. When the gap between the slats is greater than 16 nn, the slats should be filled and smoothed. The construction technology of the external rigid-wall polyurethane thermal insulation system is basically the same as that of the polystyrene board insulation system. External h-hung polyurethane rigid foam board indirect seaming should be treated with polyurethane joint glue to ensure the integrity of the entire insulation system, and to ensure that the external insulation board is firm and stable, in order to increase the long-term stability and stability of the system. The basic structure of the polyurethane rigid foam outer wall insulation system for the outer layer of the insulation layer is: base wall, three-dimensional adjustable metal keel pendant, keel base, foamed polyurethane insulation layer, silicone rubber caulking, Exterior decorative panels, such as artificial slate, molybdenum composite panels, fluorocarbon panels, fiber reinforced panels, and the like. The ho-h-hung polyurethane rigid foam exterior wall insulation system can be applied to the public buildings decorated with high-resistance exterior walls and thermal insulation finishes, and can also be used for energy-saving renovation projects of ordinary houses and existing buildings. Building energy conservation is an important topic in China's construction industry. To improve energy efficiency and heat comfort of buildings, energy consumption per unit area and carbon dioxide emissions, building energy efficiency indicators have been improved to 65% foamed polyurethane high efficiency insulation energy-saving new materials. And its composite insulation technology is impressive. Spraying method, pouring method, pasting method and eve h-hanging polyurethane rigid foam external wall insulation have made great progress, but there are also some technical issues to be resolved in practice. In practical applications, it should be selected according to various factors such as building design cost and geographical location. With the continuous improvement of China's building energy-saving technology, with the gradual standardization and standardization of the external thermal insulation system, the foamed polyurethane exterior wall insulation technology will inevitably make a great contribution to China's building energy conservation business. I3S (Finish) Textile Tools,Textile Hardware Tools,Textile Hardware,Household Textile Tools Changzhou Longfu Knitting Co., Ltd. , https://www.nbcircularmachine.com