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1. Spot: This phytotoxicity is mainly manifested on the leaves, with yellow spots, brown spots, dead spots and so on. For example, the application of butachlor in the early stage of rice Honda causes brown spots, and the high concentration of mancozeb causes the edge of rice leaves to be spotted.
2. Yellowing: The reason for yellowing is that pesticides hinder the synthesis of chlorophyll, or block the photosynthesis of chlorophyll, or destroy chlorophyll. For example, the application of chlorpyrifos on watermelons causes new yellowing; the application of tribenuron in wheat fields shifts to yellowing on other crops.
3. Malformation: This phytotoxicity may occur in various organs of plants. Common malformations include leaf rolling, clumping, root swelling, deformed ear, and deformed fruit. If the tomato is sprayed with a high concentration of naphthaleneacetic acid, the leaf will appear.
4. Withering: This phytotoxicity is generally manifested throughout the plant, mainly due to herbicide phytotoxicity. For example, beans sprayed with high concentrations of insecticides, such as dry coke, wilting, dead seedlings and other phytotoxicity.
5, growth stagnation: growth inhibitors, herbicides improper application of phytotoxicity. If the amount of chlormequat is too large, the growth of the crop will be stagnant.
6. Infertility: The cause of such phytotoxicity is improper use during flowering. For example, applying rice stalks during rice heading can cause empty mites.
7. Shedding: It occurs frequently in fruit trees and other dicots, with falling flowers, fallen leaves, and falling fruits. For example, the application of acesulfame in peach trees and the improper application of ethephon during flowering cause defoliation.
8. Inferior fruit: The phytotoxicity of the fruit sometimes manifests as abnormal fruit surface and poor quality. If the watermelon is harmed by ethephon, the melon is dark red and has an odor.
Second, remedial measures
1. Spray a large amount of water or rinse with a little alkaline water. If the phytotoxicity occurs after the spraying of certain pesticides on the foliage and plants, and it is found earlier, the leaves of the medicinal crops can be sprayed quickly with a large amount of fresh water, and the water is repeatedly sprayed 2 to 3 times, as much as possible on the surface of the plants. The drug is washed away, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are added, and the soil is ploughed.
2. Quickly pursue quick-acting fertilizer. On the crops where phytotoxicity occurs, rapid application of urea and other quick-acting fertilizers to increase nutrients to enhance the growth vigor of crops, promote early growth and accelerate crop recovery, which is more effective for less affected bulbs and seedlings. .
3. Spray drugs that relieve phytotoxicity. For the agent that causes the phytotoxicity, spray the agent that can alleviate the phytotoxicity. If the crop is harmed by omethoate, parathion and other pesticides, 0.2% borax solution can be sprayed on the affected crop; rapeseed, peanut, etc. are over-stressed by paclobutrazol, and 5×10-6 gibberellin solution can be sprayed appropriately; The phytotoxicity caused by copper sulphate or Bordeaux mixture can be sprayed with 0.5% lime water. (Dongping County Plant Protection Station Bu Fanping Yang Jingjuan)
Common crop phytotoxicity symptoms and remedies
First, the symptoms of phytotoxicity
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