Essentials of the basic technology of pear tree in autumn

Pear tree base fertilizer is generally divided into autumn application, winter application and spring application, that is, it can be received from the fruit before the spring bud. However, it has been proved that pear tree has the best effect on autumn application, which not only benefits the growth of new roots, but also promotes nutrient absorption and leaf photosynthesis, increases the nutrient level of tree storage, improves flower bud quality and shoot bud plumpness, and Enhance tree resistance. Pear trees should pay attention to the following points when applying base fertilizer in autumn:

First, the time of the pear tree in the autumn application of basic fertilizer is generally in the middle and late September is appropriate, should not be late. At this time, it is the peak of root growth of fruit trees, and the soil temperature is high, the roots are easy to heal, and a large number of meristematic roots and roots can be produced, which is beneficial to increase the nutrient level of the tree. Too late to apply not only is difficult to absorb the fertilizer, resulting in waste, but also caused the tree to weaken due to the slow healing of the root, affecting the flowering fruit in the coming year. Anyone who has not completed the basic fertilizer before the fall leaves must be completed before the land is frozen.

Second, the selection of fertilizers and fertilizers to include farmer's fertilizer with more organic matter (14.5% of cow dung, 21% of horse manure, 15% of pig manure, 31.4% of sheep manure, 19.8% of manure), accounting for fertilization More than 90% of the total, this is the basic fertilizer for the long-term supply of various nutrients in pear trees. Commonly applied fertilizers are manure, compost, cake fertilizer, green manure and soil fertilizer, which are applied after being piled up and decomposed. Due to the slow decomposition of organic fertilizers and long-term fertilizer efficiency, the roots of pear trees are sparse and the fertilizer efficiency is slow. Therefore, quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer should be properly applied. For pear orchards with trace element deficiency, targeted micro-fertilizer should be applied. .

3. The application amount of fertilizer should be determined according to the age of the tree, the size of the canopy, the nutritional status, and the load. Generally, 35 to 50 kg of organic fertilizer per plant, 1 to 1.5 kg of superphosphate, and 0.4 to 0.5 kg of urea are applied to each adult pear tree. .

Fourth, the method of fertilization mainly includes ring ditch application, radiation ditch application, and full garden application. The annular groove is used to dig an annular groove on the outer edge of the crown projection, with a groove width of 30 cm and a groove depth of 40 to 50 cm. This method is mostly used for saplings, and the position of the annular groove should be shifted outward each year as the canopy expands. The radiation ditch is centered on the trunk and divides the groove along the horizontal root extension direction, generally 4 to 6 strips, the groove width is 30 to 45 cm, the depth is 40 to 50 cm, and the distance from the trunk is 1 to 1.5 m. Deepen, narrow inside and outside, this method has fewer roots and is suitable for adult pear trees. The whole garden is suitable for adult pear gardens and secret value pear gardens. The fertilizer is evenly scattered in the garden, combined with deep turning into the soil, the depth of ploughing is 20-25 cm. This method can be widely absorbed by roots, but applied. The shallow depth is easy to cause the roots to float.

5. Watering should be poured 1~2 times after fertilization with water source conditions, which can make the fertilizer have sufficient water to quickly decay and ferment and decompose, and prevent autumn drought. After watering, it can be used to cover the stalks, weeds, etc., and to loosen the soil when the surface is semi-dry to reduce water evaporation.

Six, matters needing attention

Fertilization ditching should not be too shallow, otherwise it will easily cause the roots to float, which is not conducive to the drought resistance and cold resistance of the pear trees; 2. The applied organic fertilizer must be fully decomposed, otherwise the roots will be burned, causing the tree to weaken, die or induce rot; The application of trace element fertilizers should be carried out in a targeted manner according to the shortage of trace elements in the pear orchard. Do not apply excessive amounts to avoid poisoning. 4. Avoid applying chlorine-containing fertilizers, so as not to affect the yield and quality, and even cause root tip death. The plant died.
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