Intensive national key R&D plan

With the announcement of key special projects to be funded by “High Performance Computing”, “Additive Manufacturing and Laser Manufacturing”, the 2018 National Key R&D Program has started its work. The "Economic Information Daily" reporter learned from the Ministry of Science and Technology on the 16th that the recent three batches of project lists were intensively released, involving 237 projects in 16 special projects including high-tech and basic research fields, with a total of 5.1 billion yuan in national funds. Quantum regulation and quantum information, nanotechnology and new energy vehicles have become the focus of future research funding.

Intensive project list release

The public list shows that since the 4th of April, the Ministry of Science and Technology High Technology Center has announced the list of six key special projects for the first batch of national key R&D plans in 2018, up to now, three batches of proposed projects have been released including the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. Announcement, a total of 237 small items of 16 special items. Among them, among the 11 special projects in the high-tech field, the most invested is new energy vehicles, with a total funding of 2.5 billion yuan in three years and 800 million yuan in 2018. Among the five special projects in the basic research field, the three-year total funding for nanotechnology specialization, quantum regulation and quantum information specialization is 1.7 billion yuan and 1.6 billion yuan respectively. The stem cell and transformation research project plans to fund 600 million yuan in 2018, and the total funding for three years will reach 2 billion yuan.

For the investment in the field of new energy vehicles, Dr. Li Hongjun from the Institute of Science and Technology Development of China Agricultural University believes that “this highlights the country’s determination to upgrade the automobile industry. The replacement of gasoline and diesel vehicles to new energy vehicles is not only in line with the people’s strong environment. Looking forward to it, at the same time, it will enable China's automobile manufacturing industry to take a leading position in the competition of new energy vehicles and seize the technological high ground of the future."

In addition, in Li Hongjun's view, stem cells, nanometers, and quantum are all studied from the microscopic structure of matter. These are important foundations in the fields of life sciences, materials, and communications, and are increasingly important in future competition. "Similar to the chip problem, research in these basic fields must receive more attention. It is necessary to research original important theories and material technology products with independent intellectual property rights." Li Hongjun bluntly.

In addition, the Earth observation and navigation project must break through key technologies such as accurate information acquisition and quantitative remote sensing applications and complex system integration common technologies, laying the foundation for the application of technical systems for Earth observation and navigation information, and playing a major role in national security and people's lives. A total of 2 billion yuan of state-funded funds were obtained.

It is important to point out that the targeted declaration projects in 2018 have increased significantly compared with previous years. Li Hongjun said that the targeted projects mainly consider hotspots, emergencies, or projects that are declared by specific units within a certain range. “These targeted projects are mainly focused on human health related issues. For the problems of sudden infectious diseases, chronic major diseases, and digital diagnosis and treatment, this year was set up in four special projects on prevention and control of major chronic non-communicable diseases. 26 projects, 530 million yuan of funds. In addition, the targeted projects also include animal and poultry major disease prevention and control and efficient and safe aquaculture research and development, Xiong'an new district ecological environment construction and other projects." Li Hongjun said.

Provide scientific support for national strategy

The national key R&D plan mainly consists of the original National Key Basic Research and Development Program (973 Program), the National High Technology Research and Development Program (863 Program), the National Science and Technology Support Program, the International Science and Technology Cooperation and Exchange Program, the Industrial Technology Research and Development Fund, and The public welfare industry research project is integrated.

According to the previously issued application guidelines, among the four major areas of social development, high-tech research, agricultural science and technology and basic research funded by key research and development programs, the largest funding this year is in the field of social development, with the proportion of projects and budgets. It reached 41.7% and 34.8%, among which public safety risk prevention and control and emergency technical equipment received the most funding. The number of projects in the high-tech sector is 162, accounting for 25.2%, and the funding is as high as 4.4 billion yuan, which is close to the funding in the field of social development. Among them, the new energy vehicle, additive manufacturing and laser manufacturing budget are ranked in the top two in this field, giving priority to the industry.

However, similar to the situation in the fields of rail transit and high-performance computing, investment in the field of social development has shown a downward trend. The data shows that in 2016, 2017 and 2018, the number of projects in the social development areas of China's national key R&D plans were 558, 360 and 268 respectively, with a total investment of 10.3 billion yuan, 6.2 billion yuan and 4.7 billion yuan respectively.

In this regard, some insiders admit, "This is not to say that these projects are not important. After years of high investment, these projects are gradually entering the 'digestive period' and 'harvest period'." In fact, the rail transit laid out in previous years The key special projects are providing strong technical support for China's implementation of the strategy of “going out” and “manufacturing a strong country”.

In addition, China's national key R&D plan is composed of different key special projects, and the key special implementation cycle is generally five years, based on actual conditions for dynamic adjustment. “Because of the simultaneous decline in the number of projects and funding, the individual average funding intensity in the above-mentioned social development areas has not weakened, and the average R&D expenditure is about 20 million yuan,” the industry source said.

It is worth noting that although the national major science and technology projects implemented since 2006 have provided strong support for China's scientific and technological development, there are still some shortcomings in some areas. In Li Hongjun's view, we must occupy the commanding heights of international science and technology, strengthen basic research, promote disruptive technological innovation, and independently cultivate and create a number of new varieties, new products, new equipment, advanced applicable technologies and models with high application value, and improve comprehensiveness. Application level. "Competition between countries, in the final analysis, is the competition of science and technology. Mastering the basic core technology, you can formulate the rules of the game and have the initiative." Li Hongjun bluntly.

Gradually improve the fund management system

With the gradual release of the national science and technology system reform dividend, it is necessary to gradually reduce the amount of scientific research funds and gradually improve the financial management system.

"Under the role of the baton of the scientific evaluation system, researchers are keen to send articles, report rewards to evaluate titles, declare patents with no value to solve the project, follow the trend to obtain research projects, and the foundation of difficult results in the short term. The research is being met with a cold shoulder. To change the scientific research atmosphere of 'light foundation, chasing the wind, heavy quantity, light quality', it is necessary for the government to cooperate with multiple departments." Li Hongjun bluntly said.

In fact, with the implementation of a series of management policies such as the “National Key R&D Program Fund Management Measures”, the use efficiency and status of China's key R&D plan funds have made great progress. In order to promote the scientific decision-making, implementation and strong supervision of the national science and technology plan project, as early as the end of last year, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Education, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Natural Science Foundation and other five departments organized an expert group to carry out the implementation of the national science and technology plan project in Beijing. And the implementation of the central financial research project fund management policy random inspection materials review work. It is reported that this verification explores the implementation of the cross-department linkage inspection mechanism, fully applies the concept, technology and resources of big data, strengthens the innovation of methods and methods, changes the supervision and inspection methods, and establishes and improves the people-oriented supervision and inspection mechanism.

"2018 is the middle year of the '13th Five-Year Plan'. Most of the key R&D projects approved in 2016 and 2017 are on schedule. Each project must strictly implement relevant national policies and prepare for the mid-term inspection of the project. It is noted that major adjustments involving units, funds, and moderators must be reported step by step. For general adjustments such as budget subjects and participants, the lead units of each project also need to do a good job in the examination and approval of the case, and earnestly fulfill the responsibility and host of the legal person of the unit. Human subject responsibility." Li Hongjun said.

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