The steel industry faces the "carbon reduction" test

China's steel companies participate in carbon trading, in the long run, they can form a mechanism to eliminate backward production capacity and promote the transformation and upgrading of the industry.

After the power industry took the lead in the national carbon emission trading market at the end of 2017, the industry carbon trading market also began to enter a critical stage of advancement.

Not long ago, Li Xinchuang, president of the Metallurgical Industry Planning and Research Institute, revealed at the industry low-carbon transformation capacity building and technology exchange meeting held in Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu, that the industry carbon emission trading quota program is currently being researched and formulated.

As a high-energy industry, greenhouse gas emissions account for about 7% of global greenhouse gas emissions. China is also the world's largest producer and consumer, accounting for nearly 50% of global crude steel production. Industry carbon emissions account for nearly 15% of China's total carbon emissions, accounting for more than 60% of global industry carbon emissions.

In this regard, Li Xinchuang emphasized that tackling climate change is a common responsibility of the global industry. Chinese industries and enterprises should fully realize that green low-carbon development is an important direction for deepening the reform of ecological civilization construction system in the new era.

Opportunities and challenges coexist

Looking back on 2017, the global industry's low-carbon transformation faces new opportunities and challenges – the International Energy Agency launches a global industry low-carbon technology roadmap study; EU companies relaunch three new low-carbon smelting research programs; China officially launches carbon emission rights The trading system will become the world's largest carbon trading market.

From the perspective of countries that implement carbon trading, the industry generally has concerns about carbon trading. European companies believe that the EU's ambitious emission reduction targets increase corporate costs, and companies still lack more advanced technologies and sufficient funds to achieve emission reduction targets; the Korean Association believes that insufficient carbon emission quotas will affect production and increase industry development. Dilemma.

Some analysts believe that Chinese enterprises participating in carbon trading may have certain adverse effects on the industry in the short term, but in the long run, they can form a mechanism to eliminate backward production capacity and promote the transformation and upgrading of the industry. By participating in carbon trading, on the one hand, it can promote enterprises to improve production processes, update production equipment and use low-carbon energy; on the other hand, it can encourage enterprises to actively innovate and abandon high-carbon emissions products and businesses.

At present, Chinese enterprises are also actively participating in carbon market transactions. Baosteel is one of the early domestic companies involved in carbon trading. Zhang Jiancheng, Assistant to the President of Shenzhen Carbon Emissions Exchange Co., Ltd., told reporters that Baosteel actively participated in the formulation of relevant policies and standards in Shanghai when participating in the pilot project of carbon emissions trading, and organized technical exchanges with relevant professional organizations to support Shanghai's carbon emissions. Construction of the trading market. During the pilot period, Baosteel's carbon emissions decreased year by year, and the cumulative carbon emissions decreased by 5% compared with Shanghai's quota.

In addition, after applying for five CDM (Clean Development Mechanism) projects, WISCO reduced emissions by 3.16 million tons of carbon dioxide per year. Shougang Group is also actively developing national certification voluntary emission reduction projects.

China has promised to the international community that "carbon dioxide emissions will reach a peak around 2030 and strive to reach peak as soon as possible. The carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP will fall by 60% to 65% compared with 2005." As a key carbon emission industry, the industry is an important part of fulfilling the national responsibility for climate change.

According to statistics, in the past 10 years, the carbon dioxide intensity of the industry's tons of steel has dropped by about 25%, making an important contribution to the implementation of the national goal of addressing climate change. However, under the premise that the industrial value-added level has not been significantly improved, the contribution of industry to the low-carbon economy is still insufficient, and the task of fulfilling the future low-carbon development goals is facing challenges.

Forced industry low carbon transformation

Industry is the main target and core participant of the carbon trading market, and mandatory carbon dioxide emission reduction will force companies to develop low-carbon technologies.

Li Bing, director of the Low Carbon Development Research Center of the Metallurgical Industry Planning and Research Institute, said that technology leadership is the commanding height of low-carbon transformation development, covering carbon removal technologies that focus on process control, carbon-free technologies that focus on source control, and End control is the focus of decarbonization technology.

In order to meet the upcoming carbon trading, all major domestic enterprises are actively exploring from the technical side. According to Bo Hongwei, deputy director of the Energy and Environmental Protection Department of Zhanjiang Base of Baowu Group, the Zhanjiang Steelmaking Project adopts the new converter flue gas waste heat recovery technology. The high temperature dusty converter once flue gas in the unburned state through the skirt and vaporization cooling flue. Then enter the dust removal tower, the temperature of the flue gas can be reduced from 1000 °C to 830 °C, the recovery of steam can be increased from 80 kg / ton to 9 kg / ton, while ensuring the concentration of flue gas outlet particles (standard state) is less than 20 mg / cubic Meter.

Li Bing also said that in the next stage, China's industrial blast furnace-converter process smelting process still dominates. Coal, coke and other fuel consumption accounts for more than 90% of the company's primary energy. Strengthening the optimization of raw fuel structure is also an important part of low-carbon development. It is important to focus on the raw material preparation process, coking process, sintering process, pelleting process, and ironmaking process.

“Energy structure and high carbonization are the main sources of industrial structural pollution. Carbon emissions trading will accelerate the low-carbon transformation of the industry, improve the energy structure, and solve the ecological and environmental problems caused by coal as the main energy structure from the source.” Li Xinchuang Say.

He also said that the industry is a key industry to reduce capacity, structure, and promote transformation, accelerate the implementation of green transformation with low-carbon development concept, develop new industries such as energy conservation, environmental protection, renewable energy, and achieve lower cost and better resources. Configuration will be an important starting point for accelerating the transformation of industrial “old kinetic energy” to “new kinetic energy”.

Enlightenment from Low Carbon Transformation in Developed Countries

How to develop a low-carbon economy and a low-carbon industry in China, the experience of developed countries is worth learning and reference.

Li Bing said that Japan has re-evaluated the long-term effects of industry on surrounding industries and people's lives from the perspective of the whole life cycle, and expanded the scope of industrial energy consumption assessment. It is worth noting that in the course of low-carbon development in Japan, it is particularly important for the government to implement fiscal policies to assist it, including Japan's budget policies, tax reduction policies, and carbon tax collection policies implemented in the process of promoting carbon emission reduction.

In addition, the German government's determination is also large enough, based on the EU's relevant low-carbon directives, the standards set for itself are more stringent, and the challenges brought about by this are even greater. At the same time as the relevant laws were established, Germany carried out practical low-carbon actions mainly in terms of energy structure, energy efficiency and renewable energy development, established a carbon dioxide trade emission system, and conducted a greenhouse gas emission analysis.

"China should also change the concept of green development in a timely manner, actively promote the progress of low-carbon technology, and implement the low-carbon development of the industry." Li Bing suggested this.

Li Xinchuang said that on the one hand, Chinese industries and enterprises should actively strengthen communication and communication with government departments, timely understand the development direction of policies and paths, actively plan and formulate low-carbon development strategy plans, and win broader development space for industry enterprises. On the other hand, low-carbon transformation is an inherent requirement of enterprise development. Enterprises should establish carbon strategic thinking, actively innovate, consolidate low-carbon development capacity building, strengthen the construction of professional talents, learn to understand outstanding enterprises, advanced technologies, and strengthen implementation. Energy-saving carbon reduction and quality improvement actions.

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