The working principle and characteristics of twin-screw extruder

1. The structure and material of the twin-screw extruder are sent to the conditioner through the conveying equipment. The material is quenched and tempered by high-temperature steam in the conditioner, and the septic tank enters the expansion mechanism and is pumped by a pair of screws that are parallel to each other. Instantly extruding and cutting into granules from a die hole of a certain shape.
2. Twin-screw extruder expansion principle The expansion mechanism of a typical twin-screw extruder is to push the material forward by a pair of screws that mesh with each other. The screw is divided into three sections: the conveying section, the compression melting section, and the uniformity. segment. In the conveying section, the material enters the barrel from the hopper, and as the screw rotates, it is conveyed forward along the direction of the groove and is gradually compacted. After entering the compression melting section, the pressure rises due to the change in the spiral structure, and the material is heated by the external heat from the barrel and the material is stirred, mixed and sheared between the two screws and the screw and the barrel. The temperature rises and begins to melt until it is completely melted. As the space of the groove is further reduced, the material is further heated and pressurized, and the cooking is carried out to fully gelatinize the raw starch, a series of complex biochemical reactions such as fat and protein denaturation, and the structure is further homogenized to reach a uniform section, and the splitter plate will be The material from the expansion chamber is evenly distributed to the template. The pressure is usually 3-6 MPa (depending on the expansion requirements) and the temperature can reach 150-200 °C. Because of the high pressure in the closed sleeve, the pressure is higher than that. The saturated vapor pressure at the pressing temperature, so the moisture does not evaporate quickly. When the material is instantaneously extruded from a certain shape of the die hole, the pressure is quickly released, the free water evaporates rapidly, the material expands, and the moisture is quickly lost from the material. The product is quickly cooled to about 80 ° C to be solidified and retained in its expanded shape.
3. Characteristics of twin-screw extruder The development of twin-screw extruder is relatively late in China. Due to the large variation range of the raw material characteristics of the expansion, the screw speed needs to be adjusted within a large range. The working principle is more complicated than that of the single-screw extruder. Much, there are big differences in the specific structure, especially the arrangement of the barrel, screw and thrust bearing gear box is more complicated, resulting in an increase in equipment cost, such as single-screw belt belt first-stage transmission, and twin-screw extruder machine using gear Box transmission, the two have great differences in manufacturing and transmission efficiency.

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