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Because the CCD (photocoupled device) of the color camera responds to light differently from the human eye, especially in the daytime, it will be affected by the non-visible light and cause color cast. Therefore, we need to remove them through the filter. For one thing, infrared rays that can show off their talents at night are also kept out. To know that the response of CCDs to infrared rays at night is remarkable, it's like people's eyes respond better during the day. Of course, there is no color. In order to solve this contradiction, people can use the same camera to provide images during the day and night. The researchers have a lot of brains to solve this problem through many means.
The people’s original idea is very basic, that is, using color and black-and-white two image production systems, let the color system work during the day, while the black and white system works at night, there is an optical system to provide them with the same quality of optical signals between them. The coordination work is done by the processor according to the status of the light sensor. Such a system is perfect but the cost is very expensive. The market's choice makes it develop to the professional and high-end, high-resolution CCD with 1/2 or more, high sensitivity, Exciting indicators, such as wide dynamics, have left a deep impression on people. There have been claims that the industry is turning black, and these cameras are used more for military purposes.
With the wide application of SuperExwaveTM CCD technology, Exview HDD CCD, and digital information processing (DSP) technology in camera research and development, it is possible to complete a more satisfactory "color-to-black" process through cameras that contain the same CCD. Here the practice of various manufacturers can be said that the Eight Immortals across the sea show their supernatural powers. In the color to black and white process, removing the filter is the practice of most manufacturers, but then there are many different, some use the frame accumulation technology is to put multiple frames into a frame, equivalent to strengthen the image Brightness, but due to the small number of frames per unit time, it will inevitably produce animation and tailing phenomenon, static scene can also be seen, dynamic images are enough; some use digital noise reduction technology to eliminate the AGC brought about under the dark environment A lot of noise, but noise reduction at the same time the image clarity will be affected; some direct use of high-performance SuperExwaveTM CCD or Extended HDD CCD chip; some use the combination of the above technologies, the user according to need to make their own choice; There are other technical applications that will not be covered here. It is worth mentioning that there are other manufacturers who are unique and adopt unique methods to achieve amazing nighttime color effects. After special processing on the filter, the near infrared ray To open one side, two “gates†of “visible light†and “infrared rays†are formed on the spectrum diagram, and then the two doors are controlled by software to achieve daytime/ Room / night infrared, etc. can be obtained under a variety of environmental conditions good image quality, in fact, this idea is really clever and practical, because at night has been very little very light color, who care about the color of the color cast it? This way, his design is greatly simplified. This is truly remarkable. After all, the shifting of filters is done by small institutions. Small institutions are made of life. In short, in order to produce affordable dual-use day and night cameras, all manufacturers are chasing after you, and constantly innovate.
So, for the definition of daytime and nighttime cameras, I think it's literally more accurate: Cameras that produce the desired image, both day and night. (The day and night machine mentioned in this article refers to the bolt machine)
The choice of dual-use cameras for day and night speaks about the selection of dual-use cameras for day and night. It is interesting to say that many people have an attitude toward it. There have been many opinions about dual-use cameras day and night. Some say that dual-use cameras are not practical, and the color of the cameras is dark. It can be used as a monitor that a user watches every day without turning black, while a color monitor can see black and white images. Where do I go? Some say that for a color CCD, the natural resolution is lower than that of a black and white CCD of the same grade. With the same CCD, no matter how it is processed, it is impossible to achieve the black and white effect; Some effects have been improved, but it is still noisy at night, and the trailing of moving objects cannot be solved. It appears to be an itching and so on to solve the problems of day and night. There are complaints that the project company is far behind its own imagination after using it. There are also manufacturers or sellers who make different interpretations of the day and night cameras on their own positions. The contractors who need to purchase the products are in a dilemma. River Pony".
With the continuous expansion of the day and night camera concept and the continuous innovation of related technologies and the ever-increasing levels of products, it is inevitable that such a situation is present. As a buyer, how to purchase a product that is cost-effective and good enough for its own engineering needs? Sometimes it's not easy. First of all, to select a day/night camera, we must cooperate with technical personnel, fully understand the user's requirements and the actual needs of the project environment, and fully understand the exact meaning of the indicators in day/night cameras. This work is difficult to achieve "Because the dual-use cameras are changing and developing, new things will continue to appear, and if you don't have enough, you will have problems. In addition, to select a brand with a larger product and a good service word of mouth, in general, the product with a large brand and the product data are more credible, especially when the product is more systematic, even if new products are introduced. Series, there are also fewer "side effects"; service providers, well-known sellers will objectively introduce the shortcomings of certain products, so that you can avoid detours in the purchase. Again, more than a few elections, repeated comparisons, in order to be aware of. Finally, it must be seen as a fact, repeated testing before they can purchase. Do not underestimate this point. It is very important. It is a magic weapon for many engineering companies. As far as day and night cameras are concerned, some of them are currently immature and they will push down the market, causing catastrophic consequences for the project. Immature and unstable, not through repeated and meticulous testing, can not be found, for example, there is a company's product color to black and white process is very good, the effect of day and night is also good, can add a problem with the infrared light, It will constantly switch between color and black and white. For such a product, regardless of how the manufacturer explains or makes up for it, as a product that has already gone to market, all aspects of the chain from producer to user are affected. The damage is certain. Therefore, the engineering company must test and simulate on-site commissioning both before and after the purchase of the product.
Whether it is to adopt a filter moving type or a filter improved type, after all, it tends to be hardware or software. These two methods have their advantages and disadvantages. The hardware method is intuitive and has simple implementation advantages, but it has a longevity problem. Problems such as process and assembly impact, high cost issues, low cost of software methods, and long life span, but problems such as anti-jamming issues and completeness of procedures are difficult to distinguish in engineering applications, but are just a matter of preference for procurement personnel.
For relatively common indicators, such as color sensitivity, black and white sensitivity, color resolution black and white resolution, wide dynamic backlight compensation, infrared light source, etc., the purchaser must have a clear understanding, these directly affect the main effect of the use; and for other The performance and indicators such as color to black and white conversion time, external signal trigger conversion, complete menu debugging, part of the menu debugging, full DIP SW debugging, etc. For the engineering business, is needed to meet the need, the wise see wisdom.
Compared with the installation of ordinary cameras, the installation of day and night cameras has some special places worth paying attention to, because taking into account the effect of night, some manufacturers use 1/2 CCD target surface, for this type of Day and night machine, when installing the lens should also consider the installation of not less than 1/2 inch lens, so that on the one hand the image does not produce vignetting, on the other hand, fully respond to manufacturers to increase the photographic area to enhance the night effect of the original intention of design, cut Do not use a small size lens to create a pity. Now, with the wide application of day and night machines, the impact of ordinary lenses on infrared light is gradually reflected. Some manufacturers have developed infrared lenses to correct this effect. This type of lens is used as much as possible during installation.
Try to use the auto iris lens as much as possible to make the effect of day and night more fully displayed.
The day and night camera's debugging benefits from DSP's technology development. Nowadays, the camera's debugging is more and more delicate, and it is more and more accurate. The debugging mode can be varied, pure menu debugging, menu and DIP SW with debugging, remote debugging , pure DIP SW and other methods, of which the camera with a pure menu approach the appearance of neat, only a few buttons, and even these buttons can be hidden, but do not forget to bring a small monitor at the scene debugging, otherwise you can be tired I die you. Remote debugging is very convenient, but generally have the same brand of back-end control equipment support, and most of the coaxial transmission with the video line, it can be considered a coaxial control. The DIP SW method is much simpler and suitable for lower-end user needs. Another thing to note is that some manufacturers do not know why, when using menus and DIP SW cooperation methods, there will be duplicate functions. The first debugging will be the second monk who is puzzled and should not be confused by it.
Day and night debugging content on the machine should pay attention to the following debugging:
Backlight compensation, many day and night machines can independently perform backlight compensation adjustment for multiple areas, which is very important for fixed installation of the camera, the picture level will be the least damage.
Long-distance video compensation is a boon for those who have cameras with this feature. Video cameras up to 1000M can receive accurate video compensation, not only amplitude but also high frequencies.
When the color turns black, this parameter is quite interesting. When the car headlight flashes, it turns color, and the lengthened image may be dark for several tens of seconds (the color is not transferred to black and white). This determination depends on the technology. Repeated comparisons of personnel, but also on the scene of the dark days, with a monitor.
The color-to-black signal level, like the above, is also on the spot, with the color-to-black time to adjust the signal level.
Note that infrared allergy, some day and night models in the design flawed, after turning to black and white at night, if the outside world has infrared light, it will constantly switch between color and infrared, very annoying, in this case, either Remove the infrared light, or change the machine.
What is day and night camera
Day and night cameras, as the name implies, can be used both day and night cameras, or cameras that can output valid video signals during the day and night. In engineering applications, we often find that black-and-white cameras have higher sensitivity than color cameras and can obtain good images in darker environments, especially when there are infrared light sources used in conjunction with the so-called 0LUX ( Visible light, so we often call day and night cameras "color to black."